I-valve yesangoiyi-valve yenhloso evamile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa.Isetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni yokonga amanzi, i-metallurgy nezinye izimboni.Ububanzi bayo bokusebenza buqashelwe yimakethe.Ngaphezu kocwaningo lwe-valve yesango, iphinde yenza ucwaningo olubucayi nolucophelela ngokusetshenziswa nokuxazulula izinkingaama-valve esango.
Okulandelayo yingxoxo evamile ngesakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezinye izici zeama-valve esango.
1. Isakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-i-valve yesango:ibei-valve yesangoiyi-valve esebenzisa ipuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo se-valve ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvala.I-valve yesangoikakhulukazi siqukethe umzimba we-valve, isihlalo se-valve, ipuleti lesango, isiqu se-valve, ibhonethi, ibhokisi lokugxusha, indlala yokupakisha, i-stem nut, isondo lesandla nokunye.Kuye ngokushintsha kwesimo esihlobene phakathi kwesango nesihlalo se-valve, usayizi wesiteshi ungashintshwa futhi isiteshi singanqanyulwa.Ukuze wenze i-i-valve yesangovala ngokuqinile, indawo yokukhwelana yepuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu siphansi.
Ngokwezimo ezihlukene zesakhiwo seama-valve esango, ama-valve esango angahlukaniswa abe uhlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo.
Isango le-wedgei-valve yesangoimise okwe-wedge, futhi indawo yokuvala yakha i-engeli e-oblique enomugqa omaphakathi wesiteshi, kanti umphetho ophakathi kwesango nesihlalo se-valve usetshenziselwa ukufeza ukuvala (ukuvalwa).Ipuleti le-wedge lingaba inqama eyodwa noma inqama ephindwe kabili.
Izindawo zokuvala ze-valve yesango elihambisanayo zihambisana nomunye nomunye futhi zibheke emgqeni ophakathi wesiteshi, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbili: ngomshini wokunweba futhi ngaphandle kwendlela yokwandisa.Kukhona izinqama ezimbili ezinomshini wokusabalalisa.Lapho izinqama zehla, imiphetho yezinqama ezimbili ezihambisanayo izosakaza izinqama ezimbili esihlalweni sevalvu endaweni ethambekele ukuvimba umzila wokugeleza.Lapho izinqama zikhuphuka futhi zivuleka, ama-wedges namasango azokwenza Ubuso obufanayo bepuleti buhlukaniswe, ipuleti lesango likhuphukela ekuphakameni okuthile, futhi i-wedge isekelwa umphathi epuleti lesango.Isango eliphindwe kabili elingenayo indlela yokwandisa, lapho isango lishelela esihlalweni sevalvu eduze nezindawo ezimbili ezihambisanayo, umfutho woketshezi usetshenziselwa ukucindezela isango ngokumelene nomzimba we-valve ohlangothini lokuphuma kwe-valve ukuvala uketshezi.
Ngokusho kokunyakaza kwe-valve stem lapho isango livulwa futhi livaliwe, i-valve yesango ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: i-valve yesango elikhulayo kanye ne-valve yesango elifihliwe.Isiqu se-valve kanye nepuleti lesango le-valve yesango elikhuphukayo liyakhuphuka futhi liwe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho livulwa noma livaliwe;lapho i-valve yesango ye-stem efihliwe ivuliwe noma ivaliwe, i-valve stem ijikeleza kuphela, futhi ukuphakanyiswa kwe-valve stem akubonakali, futhi i-valve plate ikhuphuka noma iwe ezemidlalo.Inzuzo ye-valve yesango le-stem ekhuphukayo ukuthi ukuphakama kokuvula kwesiteshi kungahlulelwa ngokuphakama kokuphakama kwesiqu se-valve, kodwa ukuphakama okuthathiwe kungafinyezwa.Uma ubhekene nesondo lesandla noma isibambo, phendula isondo lesandla noma isibambo ngokwewashi ukuze uvale ivalvu.
2. Izikhathi kanye nezimiso zokukhetha zamavalvu esango
01. Isicabai-valve yesango
Izikhathi zokufaka isicelo se-valve yesango le-slab:
(1) Ngamapayipi kawoyela nawegesi yemvelo, ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba elinezimbobo zokuphambukisa kulula futhi ukuhlanza ipayipi.
(2) Amapayipi nempahla yokugcina amafutha acolisisiwe.
(3) Ukuxhashazwa kwemishini yamachweba kawoyela negesi yemvelo.
(4) Amapayipi anemithombo yezinhlayiyana emisiwe.
(5) Ipayipi ledolobha elihambisa igesi.
(6) Imisebenzi yamanzi.
Umgomo wokukhetha we-slabi-valve yesango:
(1) Emapayipini kawoyela nawegesi yemvelo, sebenzisa i-slab eyodwa noma ekabiliama-valve esango.Uma kudingekile ukuhlanza ipayipi, sebenzisa isango elilodwa elinembobo yokuphambukisa evulekile isiqu valvu yesango eliyisicaba.
(2) Emapayipini okuthutha kanye nempahla yokugcina uwoyela ocolisisiwe, kukhethwa ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba elinenqama eyodwa noma inqama ephindwe kabili engenazimbobo zokuphambukisa.
(3) Ekufakweni kwembobo yokukhipha uwoyela negesi yemvelo, isango elilodwa noma ama-valve esango le-slab eliphindwe kabili elinezihlalo ezintantayo ezifihliwe kanye nezimbobo zokuphambukisa ziyakhethwa.
(4) Emapayipini anezinhlayiyana ezimisiwe, amavalvu esango le-slab amise okommese akhethiwe.
(5) Emapayipini okuhambisa igesi emadolobheni, sebenzisa isango elilodwa noma amavalvu esango eliyisicaba avale izinti ezithambile.
(6) Emisebenzini yamanzi kampompi, isango elilodwa noma ama-valve amasango amabili anezinduku ezivulekile ezingenazo izimbobo zokuphambukisa ziyakhethwa.
02. I-valve yesango le-Wedge
Izikhathi ezisebenzayo ze-valve yesango le-wedge: Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-valve, i-valve yesango iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu.Ngokuvamile ifaneleka kuphela ukuvulwa okugcwele noma ukuvala ngokugcwele, futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuqondisa nokuphusha.
Ama-valve esango le-Wedge ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izidingo eziqinile kubukhulu bangaphandle be-valve, futhi izimo zokusebenza zinzima kakhulu.Isibonelo, indawo yokusebenza yokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okuphezulu kudinga izingxenye zokuvala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubekwa uphawu isikhathi eside, njll.
Ngokuvamile, izimo zesevisi noma zidinga ukusebenza okuthembekile kokubekwa uphawu, ukucindezela okukhulu, ukunqanyulwa kwengcindezi ephezulu (umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi), ukunqanyulwa kwengcindezi ephansi (umehluko omncane wengcindezi), umsindo ophansi, i-cavitation kanye ne-vaporization, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphakathi, izinga lokushisa eliphansi ( cryogenic), kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango le-Wedge.Okufana nemboni yamandla, ukuncibilikiswa kwe-petroleum, imboni ye-petrochemical, uwoyela wasolwandle, ubunjiniyela bokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye nobunjiniyela bokuhlanza indle ekwakhiweni kwamadolobha, imboni yamakhemikhali neminye imikhakha isetshenziswa kakhulu.
Umgomo wokukhetha:
(1) Izidingo zezici zoketshezi lwe-valve.Ama-valve esango akhethelwa izimo zokusebenza ezinokumelana nokugeleza okuncane, umthamo wokugeleza oqinile, izici ezinhle zokugeleza, kanye nezidingo eziqinile zokuvala uphawu.
(2) Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye ne-high pressure medium.Okufana ne-high pressure steam, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye namafutha okucindezela okukhulu.
(3) Izinga lokushisa eliphansi (cryogenic) medium.Okufana ne-ammonia ewuketshezi, i-hydrogen eyi-liquid, i-oxygen eyi-liquid neminye imidiya.
(4) Ukucindezela okuphansi nobubanzi obukhulu.Njengemisebenzi yamanzi, ukuhlanza indle kuyasebenza.
(5) Indawo yokufaka: Uma ubude bokufaka bulinganiselwe, khetha i-valve yesango le-stem wedge efihliwe;lapho ukuphakama kungavinjelwe, khetha i-valve yesango le-stem wedge eveziwe.
(6) Ama-valve esango le-Wedge angasetshenziswa kuphela uma engasetshenziswa kuphela ukuvula ngokugcwele noma ukuvala ngokugcwele, futhi angeke asetshenziselwe ukulungisa nokushaya.
3. Amaphutha kanye nokugcinwa okujwayelekile
01. Amaphutha ajwayelekile kanye nezimbangela zeama-valve esango
Ngemva kwei-valve yesangoisetshenziswa, ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa okuphakathi, ingcindezi, ukugqwala nokunyakaza okuhlobene kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana, izinkinga ezilandelayo zivame ukwenzeka.
(1) Ukuvuza: Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, okuwukuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi.Ukuvuza ngaphandle kwe-valve kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle, futhi ukuvuza kwangaphandle kuvame ukutholakala kumabhokisi okugxusha kanye noxhumo lwe-flange.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi lokugxusha: uhlobo noma ikhwalithi yokugxusha ayihlangabezani nezidingo;ukugxusha kuyaguga noma isiqu se-valve sigugile;indlala yokupakisha ikhululekile;isiqu se-valve siyaklwebha.
Izizathu zokuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange: Impahla noma usayizi we-gasket awuhlangabezani nezidingo;ikhwalithi yokucubungula ye-flange yokuvala uphawu impofu;amabhawodi okuxhumana awaqinisiwe kahle;ukucushwa kwepayipi akunangqondo, futhi umthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe ukhiqizwa ekuxhumekeni.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-valve: Ukuvuza okubangelwa ukuvaleka okuxegayo kwe-valve ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, okubangelwa ukulimala kwendawo yokuvala ye-valve noma impande exegethekayo yeringi yokuvala.
(1) Ukugqwala kuvame ukugqwala komzimba we-valve, ibhonethi, isiqu se-valve, nendawo evalekayo ye-flange.Ukugqwala kubangelwa ikakhulukazi isenzo se-medium, kanye nokukhululwa kwama-ion kusuka kuma-fillers nama-gaskets.
(2) Ukuklwebheka: ukuqina kwendawo noma ukuxebuka kwendawo okwenzeka lapho isango nesihlalo sevalvu zinyakaza zihlobene ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile yokuthintana.
02. Ukugcinwa kwei-valve yesango
(1) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphandle kwe-valve
Lapho ucindezela ukupakisha, amabhawodi e-gland kufanele alinganisele ukugwema ukuthi indlala ingatsheki futhi ishiye igebe ukuze ihlangane.Ngenkathi ucindezela ukupakisha, isiqu se-valve kufanele sijikelezwe ukwenza ukupakisha kuzungeze umfaniswano we-valve stem, futhi kuvimbele ukucindezela ukuba kuqine kakhulu, ukuze kungathinti ukujikeleza kwe-valve stem, ukwandisa ukuguga kokupakisha, futhi nciphisa impilo yesevisi.Ingaphezulu lesiqu se-valve liyaklwejwa, okwenza okuphakathi kube lula ukuphumela ngaphandle.Kufanele icutshungulwe ukuze kuqedwe imihuzuko ebusweni besiqu se-valve ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Ngokuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange, uma i-gasket yonakalisiwe, kufanele ishintshwe;uma impahla ye-gasket ikhethiwe ngendlela engafanele, into engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kufanele ikhethwe;uma ikhwalithi yokucubungula ye-flange yokuvala uphawu impofu, kufanele isuswe futhi ilungiswe.Indawo yokuvala i-flange icutshungulwa kabusha ize ifaneleke.
Ukwengeza, ukuqiniswa okufanele kwamabhawodi e-flange, ukumiswa kahle kwamapayipi, nokugwema umthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange konke kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange.
(2) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-valve
Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kuwukuqeda ukulimala kwendawo evalayo kanye nempande exegayo yendandatho yokuvala (uma indandatho yokuvala igxilile epuleti le-valve noma esihlalweni ngokucindezela noma ukucupha).Uma indawo yokuvala icutshungulwa ngokuqondile emzimbeni we-valve kanye nepuleti le-valve, ayikho inkinga yezimpande ezixekethile nokuvuza.
Lapho indawo yokuvala ilimele kakhulu futhi indawo yokuvala yakhiwe ngendandatho yokuvala, indandatho endala kufanele ikhishwe futhi kuhlinzekwe nendandatho entsha yokuvala;uma indawo yokuvala icutshungulwa ngokuqondile emzimbeni we-valve, indawo yokuvala eyonakele kufanele isuswe kuqala.Susa, bese ugaya iringi entsha yokuvala noma indawo ecutshunguliwe ibe endaweni entsha yokuvala.Lapho imihuzuko, ama-bumps, ama-crush, ama-dents nezinye iziphambeko endaweni yokuvala ingaphansi kuka-0.05mm, zingaqedwa ngokugaya.
Ukuvuza kwenzeka empandeni yeringi yokuvala.Lapho indandatho yokuvala isigxilile ngokucindezela, beka itheyiphu ye-tetrafluoroethylene noma upende owugqinsi omhlophe phezui-valveisihlalo noma phansi kwesikhala sendandatho yendandatho yokuvala, bese ucindezela indandatho yokuvala ukugcwalisa impande yendandatho yokuvala;Uma indandatho yokuvala intambo, itheyiphu ye-PTFE noma upende owugqinsi omhlophe kufanele ubekwe phakathi kwemicu ukuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungavuzi phakathi kwemicu.
(3) Ukulungiswa kokugqwala kwe-valve
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umzimba we-valve kanye nebhonethi kugqwalile ngendlela efanayo, kuyilapho isiqu se-valve sivame ukugotshwa.Lapho ulungisa, imikhiqizo yokugqwala kufanele isuswe kuqala.Ngesiqu se-valve esinemigodi yokugoba, kufanele sicutshungulwe ku-lathe ukuze kuqedwe ukucindezeleka, futhi kusetshenziswe isigcwalisi esiqukethe i-ejenti ekhishwa kancane, noma ukuhlanza isigcwalisi ngamanzi a-distilled ukuze kukhishwe isigcwalisi esiyingozi esiqwini se-valve.ama-ion abolayo.
(4) Ukulungisa imihuzuko endaweni evalekayo
Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-valve, zama ukuvimbela indawo yokuvala ukuthi inganyakazi, futhi i-torque akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu lapho uvala i-valve.Uma ukuvala uphawu kuklwejwa, kungasuswa ngokugaya.
4. Ukutholwa kwei-valve yesango
Esimeni semakethe samanje nezidingo zomsebenzisi, insimbiama-valve esangoakhawunti ngengxenye enkulu.Njengomhloli wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngaphezu kokujwayelana nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kufanele futhi ube nokuqonda okuhle komkhiqizo ngokwawo.
01. Isisekelo sokutholwa kwensimbii-valve yesango
Insimbiama-valve esangozivivinywa ngokusekelwe kuzwelonke standard GB/T12232-2005 “Flanged ironama-valve esangoama-valve ajwayelekile”.
02. Izinto zokuhlola zensimbii-valve yesango
Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi: izimpawu, ubuncane bodonga obukhulu, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlolwa kwegobolondo, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ukushuba kodonga, ingcindezi, nokuhlolwa kwegobolondo kuyizinto zokuhlola ezidingekayo nezinto ezibalulekile.Uma kunezinto ezingafanelekile, zingahlulelwa ngokuqondile njengemikhiqizo engafanelekile .
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wonke, futhi ukubaluleka kwakho kuyabonakala.Njengabasebenzi abaphambili abahlolayo, kufanele sihlale siqinisa ikhwalithi yethu, hhayi nje ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo, kodwa futhi nangokuqonda kuphela imikhiqizo ehloliwe singakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-31-2023