I-valve yesangoiyivalvu evamile yenhloso ejwayelekile enokusetshenziswa okubanzi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ezimbonini zensimbi nakwezinye izimboni. Ukusebenza kwayo okubanzi kuye kwaqashelwa yimakethe. Ngaphezu kocwaningo lwevalvu yesango, iphinde yenza ucwaningo olujulile nolucophelelayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa nokuxazulula izinkinga zeamavalvu esango.
Okulandelayo ingxoxo ejwayelekile ngesakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezinye izici ze-amavalvu esango.
1. Isakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-ivalvu yesango: iivalvu yesangoiyivalvu esebenzisa ipuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa.I-valve yesangoikakhulukazi iqukethe umzimba we-valve, isihlalo se-valve, ipuleti lesango, isiqu se-valve, i-bonnet, ibhokisi lokugcwalisa, i-packing gland, i-stem nut, i-handwheel njalo njalo. Kuye ngokushintsha kwesimo esihlobene phakathi kwesango nesihlalo se-valve, usayizi wesiteshi ungashintshwa futhi isiteshi singanqunywa. Ukuze kwenziweivalvu yesangouma ivalwe ngokuqinile, indawo yokuhlangana yepuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu kuyagaywa.
Ngokusho kwezimo ezahlukene zesakhiwoamavalvu esango, ama-valve esango angahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo.
Isango le-wedgeivalvu yesangoinomumo we-wedge, futhi indawo yokuvala yakha i-engeli eqondile enomugqa ophakathi wesiteshi, futhi i-wedge ephakathi kwesango nesihlalo se-valve isetshenziselwa ukuvala. Ipuleti le-wedge lingaba yi-ram eyodwa noma i-ram ephindwe kabili.
Izindawo zokuvala zevalvu yesango elihambisanayo ziyafana futhi ziqondile emgqeni ophakathi wesiteshi, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbili: ngendlela yokwandisa futhi ngaphandle kwendlela yokwandisa. Kunezinqama ezimbili ezinendlela yokusabalalisa. Lapho izinqama zehla, izinqama ezimbili ezihambisanayo zizosakaza izinqama ezimbili esihlalweni sevalvu ngokumelene nobuso obuthambekele ukuvimba isiteshi sokugeleza. Lapho izinqama ziphakama futhi zivuleka, izinqama kanye namasango azohlukaniswa. Ubuso obufanayo bepuleti buhlukaniswa, ipuleti yesango liphakama liye ekuphakameni okuthile, futhi i-wedge isekelwa yi-boss epuletini yesango. Isango eliphindwe kabili elingenandlela yokwandisa, lapho isango lingena esihlalweni sevalvu eceleni kwezihlalo ezimbili ezihambisanayo, ingcindezi yoketshezi isetshenziselwa ukucindezela isango ngokumelene nomzimba wevalvu ohlangothini lokukhipha lwevalvu ukuvala uketshezi.
Ngokusho kokunyakaza kwesiqu se-valve lapho isango livulwa futhi livalwa, i-valve yesango ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: i-valve yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo kanye ne-valve yesango lesiqu esifihliwe. Isiqu se-valve kanye ne-plate yesango ye-valve yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ziyaphakama futhi ziwe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho zivulwa noma zivaliwe; lapho i-valve yesango lesiqu esifihliwe ivulwa noma ivalwa, isiqu se-valve siyajikeleza kuphela, futhi ukuphakama kwesiqu se-valve akubonakali, futhi i-valve plate iyaphakama noma iyawa. Inzuzo ye-valve yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ukuthi ukuphakama kokuvula kwesiteshi kungahlulelwa ngokuphakama kwesiqu se-valve, kodwa ukuphakama okuhlalwa kungafinyezwa. Uma ubhekene nesondo lesandla noma isibambo, phendula isondo lesandla noma isibambo ngokwewashi ukuze uvale i-valve.
2. Izikhathi kanye nezimiso zokukhetha ama-valve esango
01. Ifulethiivalvu yesango
Izikhathi zokusetshenziswa kwe-valve yesango le-slab:
(1) Kumapayipi kawoyela negesi yemvelo, ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba enezimbobo zokuchezukisa nayo kulula ukuyihlanza.
(2) Amapayipi kanye nemishini yokugcina uwoyela ocoliwe.
(3) Amadivayisi okusebenzisa kabi uwoyela negesi yemvelo.
(4) Amapayipi ane-particle media elengayo.
(5) Ipayipi lokudlulisa igesi edolobheni.
(6) Imisebenzi Yamanzi.
Umgomo wokukhetha i-slabivalvu yesango:
(1) Kumapayipi kawoyela negesi yemvelo, sebenzisa i-slab eyodwa noma ezimbiliamavalvu esangoUma kudingeka ukuhlanza ipayipi, sebenzisa isango elilodwa elinembobo yokuphambukisa i-valve yesango evulekile eyisicaba.
(2) Kumapayipi okuthutha kanye nemishini yokugcina uwoyela ocwengekile, kukhethwa ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba enenqama eyodwa noma inqama ephindwe kabili engenazo izimbobo zokuphambukisa.
(3) Uma kufakwa imbobo yokukhipha uwoyela negesi yemvelo, kukhethwa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili anezihlalo ezintantayo zenduku efihliwe kanye nemigodi yokuphambukisa.
(4) Kumapayipi ane-particle media elengayo, kukhethwa ama-valve esango le-slab elinomumese.
(5) Kumapayipi okudlulisa igesi edolobheni, sebenzisa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili aqinile anenduku ekhuphukayo ethambile.
(6) Kumaphrojekthi amanzi ompompi, kukhethwa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili anezinduku ezivulekile ezingenazo izimbobo zokuphambukisa.
02. Ivalvu yesango le-Wedge
Izikhathi ezisebenzayo zevalvu yesango le-wedge: Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamavalvu, ivalvu yesango yilona elisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lifanelekela kuphela ukuvulwa okugcwele noma ukuvalwa okugcwele, futhi alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula nokulawula.
Amavalvu esango le-Wedge ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kungekho zidingo eziqinile ngobukhulu bangaphandle bevalvu, futhi izimo zokusebenza zinzima kakhulu. Isibonelo, indawo yokusebenza yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu idinga izingxenye zokuvala ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa kwesikhathi eside, njll.
Ngokuvamile, izimo zesevisi noma zidinga ukusebenza okuthembekile kokuvala, umfutho ophezulu, ukunqunywa komfutho ophezulu (umehluko omkhulu wokucindezela), ukunqunywa komfutho ophansi (umehluko omncane wokucindezela), umsindo ophansi, ukucasuka kanye nokuhwamuka, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphakathi nendawo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi (i-cryogenic), kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-Wedge gate valve. Njengemboni yamandla, ukuncibilikisa uphethiloli, imboni ye-petrochemical, uwoyela ogwini lolwandle, ubunjiniyela bokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nobunjiniyela bokwelashwa kwendle ekwakheni amadolobha, imboni yamakhemikhali kanye neminye imikhakha kusetshenziswa kabanzi.
Umgomo wokukhetha:
(1) Izidingo zezimpawu zoketshezi lwe-valve. Ama-valve esango akhethwa ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza ezinokumelana okuncane kokugeleza, amandla okugeleza aqinile, izici ezinhle zokugeleza, kanye nezidingo zokuvala eziqinile.
(2) Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nendawo yokucindezela okuphezulu. Njengomusi ophakeme, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye namafutha okucindezela okuphezulu.
(3) Indawo yokushisa ephansi (i-cryogenic). Njenge-ammonia ewuketshezi, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi, i-oxygen ewuketshezi kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo.
(4) Umfutho ophansi kanye nobubanzi obukhulu. Njengemisebenzi yamanzi, imisebenzi yokuhlanza indle.
(5) Indawo yokufaka: Uma ukuphakama kokufaka kunqunyelwe, khetha ivalvu yesango le-stem wedge efihliwe; uma ukuphakama kunganqunyelwe, khetha ivalvu yesango le-stem wedge eveziwe.
(6) Amavalvu esango le-Wedge angasetshenziswa kuphela uma engasetshenziswa kuphela ekuvulekeni noma ekuvaleni ngokuphelele, futhi angeke asetshenziselwe ukulungisa nokubopha.
3. Amaphutha avamile kanye nokugcinwa
01. Amaphutha avamile kanye nezimbangela zalokhuamavalvu esango
Ngemva kwe-ivalvu yesangoUma isetshenziswa, ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa okuphakathi, ingcindezi, ukugqwala kanye nokunyakaza okuhlobene kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zokuxhumana, izinkinga ezilandelayo zivame ukwenzeka.
(1) Ukuvuza: Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, okungukuvuza kwangaphandle kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza ngaphandle kwevalvu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle, kanti ukuvuza kwangaphandle kuvame ukutholakala emabhokisini okugcwalisa kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-flange.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa: uhlobo noma ikhwalithi yokugcwalisa ayihlangabezani nezidingo; ukugcwalisa kuyaguga noma isiqu sevalvu sigugile; indlala yokupakisha ikhululekile; ubuso besiqu sevalvu buklwebhekile.
Izizathu zokuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange: Izinto noma usayizi we-gasket awuhlangabezani nezidingo; ikhwalithi yokucubungula yendawo yokuvala i-flange ayilungile; amabhawodi okuxhuma awaqiniswanga kahle; ukucushwa kwephayiphi akunangqondo, futhi umthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe ukhiqizwa ekuxhumekeni.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu: Ukuvuza okubangelwa ukuvalwa kwevalvu okuxegayo ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, okubangelwa umonakalo ebusweni bokuvala kwevalvu noma impande exegayo yendandatho yokuvala.
(1) Ukugqwala kuvame ukugqwala komzimba we-valve, i-bonnet, isiqu se-valve, kanye nobuso bokuvala i-flange. Ukugqwala kubangelwa kakhulu yisenzo se-medium, kanye nokukhishwa kwama-ion kuma-filler nama-gasket.
(2) Ukuklwebheka: ukuklwebheka noma ukuxebuka kwendawo okwenzeka lapho isango nesihlalo sevalvu kunyakaza ngokuhambisana ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile yokuxhumana.
02. Ukugcinwa kweivalvu yesango
(1) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphandle kwevalvu
Uma ucindezela ukupakisha, amabhawodi e-gland kufanele alinganiswe ukuze kugwenywe ukuthi i-gland ingathambeki futhi kushiye isikhala sokuminyana. Ngesikhathi ucindezela ukupakisha, isiqu se-valve kufanele sijikeleziswe ukuze ukupakisha okuzungeze isiqu se-valve kufane, futhi kuvimbele ingcindezi ukuthi iqine kakhulu, ukuze kungathinti ukujikeleza kwesiqu se-valve, kwandiswe ukuguguleka kokupakisha, futhi kufinyeze impilo yenkonzo. Ubuso besiqu se-valve buyaklwebheka, okwenza kube lula ukuphuma kwe-medium. Kufanele icutshungulwe ukuze kususwe imihuzuko ebusweni besiqu se-valve ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Uma kuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange, uma i-gasket yonakele, kufanele ishintshwe; uma izinto ze-gasket zingakhethwanga kahle, kufanele kukhethwe izinto ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa; uma ikhwalithi yokucubungula yendawo yokuvala i-flange imbi, kumele isuswe futhi ilungiswe. Indawo yokuvala i-flange iyacutshungulwa kabusha kuze kube yilapho ifanelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisa kahle amabhawodi e-flange, ukumiswa okufanele kwamapayipi, kanye nokugwema umthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe ekuxhumeni kwe-flange konke kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza ekuxhumeni kwe-flange.
(2) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu
Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kuwukuqeda umonakalo wobuso bokuvala kanye nempande ekhululekile yendandatho yokuvala (lapho indandatho yokuvala inamathele epuletini noma esihlalweni sevalvu ngokucindezela noma ukufaka intambo). Uma ubuso bokuvala bucutshungulwa ngqo emzimbeni wevalvu kanye nepuleti levalvu, akukho nkinga yempande ekhululekile kanye nokuvuza.
Uma indawo yokuvala yonakele kakhulu futhi indawo yokuvala yakhiwe ngendandatho yokuvala, indandatho endala kufanele isuswe bese kuhlinzekwa indandatho entsha yokuvala; uma indawo yokuvala icutshungulwa ngqo emzimbeni wevalvu, indawo yokuvala eyonakele kufanele isuswe kuqala. Susa, bese ugaya indandatho entsha yokuvala noma indawo ecutshunguliwe ibe yindawo entsha yokuvala. Uma imihuzuko, amaqhubu, ukuchotshozwa, ukugoba kanye nezinye iziphambeko endaweni yokuvala zingaphansi kuka-0.05mm, zingasuswa ngokugaya.
Ukuvuza kwenzeka empandeni yendandatho yokuvala. Uma indandatho yokuvala iqinisiwe ngokucindezela, faka itheyiphu ye-tetrafluoroethylene noma upende omhlophe ojiyile ku-ivalvuisihlalo noma phansi komsele wendandatho yokuvala, bese ucindezela indandatho yokuvala ukuze ugcwalise impande yendandatho yokuvala; Uma indandatho yokuvala ifakiwe, kufanele kufakwe itheyipu ye-PTFE noma upende omhlophe ojiyile phakathi kwezintambo ukuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungavuzi phakathi kwezintambo.
(3) Ukulungiswa kokugqwala kwamavalvu
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umzimba wevalvu kanye nebhonethi kugqwala ngokulinganayo, kuyilapho isiqu sevalvu sivame ukugqwala. Lapho kulungiswa, imikhiqizo yokugqwala kufanele isuswe kuqala. Kwisiqu sevalvu esinemigodi yomgodi, kufanele sicutshungulwe nge-lathe ukuze kuqedwe ukuminyana, bese kusetshenziswa isigcwalisi esiqukethe i-ejenti yokukhulula kancane, noma uhlanze isigcwalisi ngamanzi acwengekile ukuze kususwe isigcwalisi esiyingozi esiqwini sevalvu.
(4) Ukulungiswa kwemihuzuko ebusweni bokuvala
Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa ivalvu, zama ukuvimbela ukuthi indawo yokuvala ingaklwebheki, futhi i-torque akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu lapho uvala ivalvu. Uma indawo yokuvala iklwebheki iklwebheki, ingasuswa ngokuyigaya.
4. Ukutholwa kweivalvu yesango
Esimweni samanje semakethe kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi, insimbiamavalvu esangobabala ingxenye enkulu. Njengomhloli wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngaphezu kokujwayelana nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kumele futhi ube nokuqonda okuhle ngomkhiqizo ngokwawo.
01. Isisekelo sokuthola insimbiivalvu yesango
Insimbiamavalvu esangozihlolwa ngokusekelwe ku-GB/T12232-2005 standard “Flanged iron”amavalvu esangokwama-valve ajwayelekile”.
02. Izinto zokuhlola zensimbiivalvu yesango
Ihlanganisa kakhulu: izimpawu, ubukhulu bodonga obuncane, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlolwa kwegobolondo, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ubukhulu bodonga, ingcindezi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegobolondo kuyizinto zokuhlola ezidingekayo nezinto ezibalulekile. Uma kukhona izinto ezingafaneleki, zingahlulelwa ngokuqondile njengemikhiqizo engafaneleki.
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wonke, futhi ukubaluleka kwawo kuyabonakala. Njengabasebenzi bokuhlola abaphambili, kumele siqinise njalo ikhwalithi yethu, hhayi nje kuphela ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo, kodwa futhi nokwenza umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola. Ngokuqonda imikhiqizo ehloliwe kuphela lapho singenza khona umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-31-2023
