Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-valve yokukhipha umoya wepayipi

1. Kungani amapayipi kudingeka afakwei-valve yokukhipha umoya?

Uma amapayipi egcwaliswe ngamanzi, egijima, noma ekhishwa amanzi, umoya ungaqongelela ngaphakathi kwawo. Uma ungakhishwa, kuzokwakhiwa “ukuvinjelwa komoya”, okuzonciphisa ingxenye yamanzi futhi kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ukushaywa kwamanzi futhi kubangele ukuthi ipayipi liqhume; uma umoya ungagcwaliswa ngesikhathi sokuthululwa, ingcindezi engemihle epayipini ingabhidliza ipayipi. Umsebenzi wevalvu yokukhipha umoya ukukhipha umoya, ukugcwalisa umoya, ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa komoya, nokuvimbela ukushaywa kwamanzi. Kuyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokusebenza okuphephile kwamapayipi.

2. Yiziphi izakhiwo zalezi zintathui-valve yokukhipha umoya?

- Imbobo eyodwai-valve yokukhipha umoya: Yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngomzimba wevalvu, i-float (noma i-float), indlela yokwenza i-lever kanye nomgodi wokukhipha umoya omncane (cishe u-1 kuya ku-3 mm). Inesakhiwo esilula kakhulu futhi ayinawo umsebenzi wokumunca.

- Izimbobo ezimbilii-valve yokukhipha umoya: Imbobo yokukhipha umoya enobubanzi obukhulu ifakwa kuvalvu enembobo eyodwa ukuze kwakhiwe amambobo amabili amakhulu namancane okukhipha umoya. Imbobo enkulu ifakwe indlela yokuvula nokuvala okusheshayo futhi inomsebenzi wokumunca umoya.

- Isivinini esikhulu esihlanganisiwei-valve yokukhipha umoyaIngaphakathi lisebenzisa umklamo we-float ephindwe kabili noma i-split float kanye ne-deflector. Imbobo enkulu yokukhipha umoya ifakwe isakhiwo esikhethekile sokuvimbela ukuvunguza nokuvimba, esingavuleka ngokuzinzile ngaphansi komoya ohamba ngesivinini esikhulu.

3. Yimuphi umehluko ezimisweni zokusebenza zalezi zintathui-valve yokukhipha umoya?

- Imbobo eyodwai-valve yokukhipha umoya: Uma kungekho moya noma umoya omncane, i-float iyantanta phezulu ukuze ivale imbobo yokukhipha umoya; lapho igesi iqoqana phezulu kwevalvu futhi izinga lamanzi lehla, i-float iyawa bese ivula imbobo encane yokukhipha umoya. Ingakhipha kuphela inani elincane legesi ngesivinini esiphansi, ayikwazi ukukhipha umoya ngokushesha, futhi ayikwazi ukuphefumula.

- Izimbobo ezimbilii-valve yokukhipha umoya: Uma ipayipi ligcwele amanzi, umoya omningi ukhishwa ngokushesha emgodini omkhulu; lapho igesi isicishe iphele, umgodi omkhulu uyavaleka bese uphendukela emigodini emincane ukuze ukhiphe igesi esele; lapho ipayipi likhishwa noma kukhiqizwa umfutho ongemuhle, umgodi omkhulu uyamunca umoya ukuze kuvinjelwe umfutho ongemuhle.

- Isivinini esikhulu esihlanganisiwei-valve yokukhipha umoya: Umsebenzi ufana nevalvu enamachweba amabili, kodwa umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi noma ngabe izinga lokugeleza kwegesi epayipini liphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-150 ngomzuzwana), imbobo enkulu ngeke ivinjwe ukugeleza komoya kusenesikhathi, futhi ingaqhubeka nokukhipha igesi ngesivinini esiphezulu kuze kube yilapho igesi iphela ngokuphelele, bese ivala ngokuthembekile.

4. Yimiphi umehluko oyinhloko wokusebenza phakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu zama-valve?

Ngokombono osebenzayo, zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamavalvu zingakhipha inani elincane legesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okuyilokho ezifanayo. Kodwa kukhona umehluko osobala kwezinye izici: ivalvu yokukhipha umoya enechweba elilodwa ayinalo ikhono lokukhipha inani elikhulu legesi ngokushesha lapho igcwaliswa ngamanzi, futhi ayikwazi ukuphefumula ukuvimbela ingcindezi engemihle lapho ithululwa; ivalvu yokukhipha umoya enechweba eliphindwe kabili ingakhipha inani elikhulu legesi ngokushesha futhi ingaphefumula ukuvimbela ingcindezi engemihle, kodwa ayikwazi ukugwema ukuvunguza nokuvaleka ngaphansi komoya ohamba ngesivinini esikhulu; ivalvu yokukhipha umoya enejubane eliphezulu ehlanganisiwe inekhono lokukhipha inani elikhulu legesi ngokushesha, iphefumule ukuvimbela ingcindezi engemihle, futhi ivimbele ukuvunguza nokuvaleka.

Ngokuphathelene nobunzima besakhiwo kanye nentengo, ivalvu yokukhulula umoya enechweba elilodwa yiyona ephansi kakhulu, ivalvu yokukhulula umoya enechweba eliphindwe kabili iphakathi nendawo, kanti ivalvu yokukhulula umoya enesivinini esikhulu ehlanganisiwe iyona ephezulu kakhulu.

5. Yiziphi izimo ezisebenza kuzo?

- Imbobo eyodwai-valve yokukhipha umoya: ifanele amapayipi amancane, izindawo eziphakeme zendawo zamapayipi, izihlungi, amadivayisi okugcina kanye nezinye izindawo lapho kudingeka khona ukukhishwa kwegesi encane kuphela.

- Izimbobo ezimbilii-valve yokukhipha umoya: Ifanelekela ukulethwa kwamanzi okude nokufushane, izitshalo zezimboni ezijwayelekile, iziteshi zokupompa ezincane neziphakathi kanye nezinye izimo ezidinga ukuvikelwa okusheshayo kokukhipha uketshezi kanye nokumunca.

- Isivinini esikhulu esihlanganisiwei-valve yokukhipha umoya: ifanele amaphrojekthi okudlulisa amanzi amabanga amade, anamandla amakhulu, anobubanzi obukhulu, kanye namapayipi ageleza kakhulu. Ingaxazulula ngokuphelele ingozi efihliwe yokuvunguza nokuvaleka kwamavalvu avamile okukhipha ugesi, futhi iyisinqumo sokuqala samaphrojekthi amakhulu okuphakelwa kwamanzi.

6. Yiziphi izinkinga ezibalulekile ezixazululwa yivalvu yokukhipha umoya enesivinini esikhulu ehlanganisiwe?

Okuvamilei-valve yokukhipha umoya(kufaka phakathi i-single-port kanye ne-double-port) kunengozi evamile efihliwe lapho kugcwaliswa ngamanzi okokuqala: lapho izinga lokugeleza kwegesi epayipini lishesha kakhulu, ukugeleza komoya kungaqhumisa ibhola elintantayo ngqo futhi kuvimbe i-exhaust port, okuholela enanini elikhulu lomoya elingenakukwazi ukukhishwa, kanye nobuningi bomoya obusele epayipini. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthinta ukugeleza kokunikezwa kwamanzi, kodwa futhi kungabangela kalula ukuthi isando samanzi siqhume ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okulandelayo noma ukucima kwamanzi. I-valve yokukhulula umoya ngesivinini esikhulu ehlanganisiwe igwema ngokuphelele ukuvunguza nokuvaleka ngokwenza ngcono isakhiwo soketshezi, iqinisekise ukuthi ukukhishwa komoya okuphelele nokusebenza okuphephile.