A istopcocki-valve [1] iyivalvu eqondile evula futhi ivaleke ngokushesha, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa imidiya enezinhlayiya ezimisiwe ngenxa yomphumela wokusula wokunyakaza phakathi kwezindawo zophawu lwesikulufu kanye nokuvikela okuphelele ekuthinteni nendawo egelezayo lapho ivulwe ngokugcwele. Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi kulula ukuzivumelanisa nokwakhiwa kwamashaneli amaningi, ukuze i-valve eyodwa ikwazi ukuthola iziteshi ezimbili, ezintathu, noma ezine ezihlukene zokugeleza. Lokhu kwenza ukwakheka kwesistimu yamapayipi kube lula, kunciphisa inani lamavalvu asetshenziswayo, futhi kunciphisa okunye ukuxhumana okudingekayo emishinini.
Isebenza kanjani ama-Valves ngeistopcockimizimba enezimbobo njengezingxenye ezivulayo nezivalayo. Umzimba wepulaki uzungezisa ngesiqu [2] ukuze kuzuzwe isenzo sokuvula nokuvala. Ivalvu yepulaki encane, engapakishiwe yaziwa nangokuthi “iqhude”. Umzimba wepulaki we-valve yepulaki ngokuvamile iyikhoni (kuphinde kube nomzimba oyi-cylindrical), omataniswa ne-conical orifice surface yomzimba we-valve ukwenza ipheya evalayo. I-valve yepulaki iwuhlobo lwakuqala lwevalvu esetshenziswayo, enesakhiwo esilula, ukuvuleka nokuvala ngokushesha, nokumelana noketshezi oluphansi. Ama-valve epulaki avamile ancike ekuxhumaneni okuqondile phakathi komzimba wepulaki yensimbi eqediwe kanye nomzimba we-valve ukuze uvale, ngakho-ke ukuvala uphawu kumpofu, amandla okuvula nokuvala makhulu, kulula ukugqoka, futhi ngokuvamile angasetshenziswa kuphela ekucindezelweni okuphansi (hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-megapascal engu-1) kanye nobubanzi obuncane (ngaphansi kuka-100 mm) izikhathi.
Clasify
Ngokwefomu lesakhiwo, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine: i-valve yepulaki eqinile, i-self-sealing plug valve, i-valve yepulaki kanye ne-valve yepulaki ejovwe ngamafutha. Ngokwefomu lesiteshi, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: i-valve yepulaki eqondile, i-valve ye-stopcock yezindlela ezintathu kanye ne-4-way plug valve. Kukhona nama-valve e-tube plug.
Ama-valve amapulaki ahlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa okuhlanganisa: amapulaki epulaki athambile, ama-valve epulaki aqinile agcotshwe uwoyela, amapulaki epulaki e-poppet, amapulaki anezindlela ezintathu kanye namapulaki anezindlela ezine.
Izinzuzo
1. I-valve yepulaki isetshenziselwa ukusebenza njalo, futhi ukuvula nokuvala kuyashesha futhi kulula.
2. Ukumelana noketshezi lwe-valve yepulaki kuncane.
3. I-valve yepulaki inesakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane kakhulu, isisindo esilula kanye nokugcinwa okulula.
4. Ukusebenza kahle kokubekwa uphawu.
5. Ayinqunyelwe isiqondiso sokufaka, futhi isiqondiso sokugeleza se-medium singaba ngokunganaki.
6. Akukho ukudlidliza, umsindo ophansi.
Ama-valve esango elithambile
I-valve yesango elithambile, i-valve yezimboni, i-valve yesango elithambile yokuvula nokuvala izingxenye ziyizinqama, isiqondiso sokuhamba kwenqama sibhekene nesiqondiso soketshezi, i-valve yesango ingavuleka futhi ivalwe ngokugcwele, ayikwazi ukulungiswa futhi icindezeleke. Inqama inezindawo ezimbili zokuvala, i-valve yesango yemodi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu izindawo ezimbili zokuvala zakha umcengezi, i-engeli ye-wedge iyahlukahluka nemingcele yevalvu, ububanzi obujwayelekile yi-DN50~DN1200, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza: ≤200°C.
Isimiso somkhiqizo
Ipuleti lesango le-wedgei-valv yesangoe ingenziwa yonke, ebizwa ngokuthi isango eliqinile; Ingenziwa futhi inqama engakwazi ukukhiqiza inani elincane lokuwohloka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwenziwa kwayo futhi yenze ukuchezuka kwe-engeli yokuvalwa kwendawo lapho kucutshungulwa khona, okubizwa ngokuthi inqama enwebekayo.
Uphawu oluthambileama-valve esangozihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: induku evulekilei-valve yesango elithambilenenduku emnyama uphawu oluthambilei-valve yesango. Ngokuvamile kuba khona intambo ye-trapezoidal entweni yokuphakamisa, eshintsha ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kube ukunyakaza okuqondile ngenadi eliphakathi kwenqama kanye negroove eqondisayo emzimbeni we-valve, okungukuthi, i-torque esebenzayo ingene endaweni yokusebenza. Lapho i-valve ivuliwe, lapho ukuphakama kwenqama kufana nezikhathi ezingu-1: 1 ububanzi be-valve, ukugeleza koketshezi akuvimbeki ngokuphelele, kodwa lesi sikhundla asikwazi ukuqapha ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, imakwa nge-vertex ye-stem, okungukuthi, isikhundla esingakwazi ukuvulwa, njengendawo yayo evulekile ngokugcwele. Ukuze uphendule ngokuvala ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kuvame ukuvulwa ku-apex position bese ibuyiselwa emuva 1/2-1 turn njengendawo yevalve evuleke ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, indawo evuleke ngokugcwele yevalvu inqunywa indawo yenqama (okungukuthi, ukushaya). Lolu hlobo lwe-valve ngokuvamile kufanele lufakwe ngokuvundlile epayipini.
Izidingo Ezijwayelekile
1. Imininingwane kanye nezigaba zeama-valve esango elithambilekufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zemibhalo yokuklama ipayipi.
2. Imodeli ye-valve yesango elithambile kufanele ibonise izidingo zenombolo yezwe elijwayelekile ngokuvumelana nayo. Uma kuyizinga lebhizinisi, incazelo efanele yemodeli kufanele ikhonjiswe.
3. Ingcindezi yokusebenza kwe-i-valve yesango elithambileidinga ukucindezela kokusebenza kwepayipi elingu-≥, ngaphandle kokuthinta intengo, ukucindezela okusebenzayo okungathwala i-valve kufanele kube kukhulu kunokucindezela kwangempela kokusebenza kwepayipi, futhi noma yiluphi uhlangothi lwe-valve yesango lophawu oluthambile kufanele lukwazi ukumelana nezikhathi ezingu-1.1 zevelu yengcindezi yokusebenza yevalvu ngaphandle kokuvuza;
4. Izinga lokukhiqiza lei-valve yesango elithambilekufanele ikhombise inombolo yezinga kazwelonke esekelwe kuyo, futhi uma kuyindinganiso yebhizinisi, idokhumenti yebhizinisi kufanele ifakwe kwinkontileka yokuthenga.
Okwesibili, impahla ye-valve yesango elithambile
1. Impahla ye-valve yomzimba kufanele ibe insimbi ecijile, insimbi ecijile, insimbi engagqwali, 316L, kanye nebanga kanye nedatha yangempela yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba namakhemikhali yensimbi ekhonjiwe kufanele ikhonjiswe.
2. I-stem material kufanele ilwele ukuthola isiqu sensimbi engagqwali (2CR13), futhi ivalvu yobubanzi obukhulu kufanele futhi ibe isiqu esihlanganisiwe sensimbi engagqwali.
3. I-nati lenziwe ngethusi le-aluminium ekhonjiwe noma ithusi le-aluminium ephonsiwe, futhi ukuqina namandla kukhulu kunesiqu se-valve.
4. Ukuqina namandla e-stem bushing material akumele kube kukhulu kunesiqu se-valve, futhi akufanele kube nokugqwala kwe-electrochemical nesiqu se-valve kanye nomzimba we-valve ngaphansi kwesimo sokucwiliswa kwamanzi.
5. Impahla yendawo yokuvala uphawu
(1) Izinhlobo zophawu oluthambilei-valve yesangos zihlukile, futhi izindlela zokuvala kanye nezidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo zihlukile;
(2) Kuma-valve ajwayelekile esango le-wedge, impahla, indlela yokulungisa kanye nendlela yokugaya yendandatho yethusi kufanele kuchazwe;
(3) Idatha yokuhlola amakhemikhali kanye nenhlanzeko yevalvu yesango elithambile kanye nempahla yomugqa wamapuleti;
6. Ukupakisha i-valve shaft
(1) Ngoba uphawu oluthambilei-valve yesangokunethiwekhi yepayipi ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvulwa nokuvala okungavamile, ukupakisha kuyadingeka ukuba kungasebenzi iminyaka eminingana, futhi ukupakisha akugugi, futhi umphumela wokuvala uphawu ugcinwa isikhathi eside;
(2) Ukupakishwa kwe-valve kufanele futhi kube unomphela lapho kuvame ukuvuleka nokuvalwa;
(3) Ngenxa yalezi zidingo ezingenhla, ukupakishwa kwe-valve shaft ilwela ukuthi kungashintshwa impilo yakho yonke noma ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyishumi;
(4) Uma ukupakisha kudinga ukushintshwa, umklamo we-valve ye-pneumatic kufanele ucabangele izinyathelo ezingashintshwa ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela kwamanzi.
Okwesithathu, indlela yokusebenza yophawu oluthambilei-valve yesango
3.1 Indlela yokuvula neyokuvala yevalvu yesango elithambile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kufanele ivalwe ngokwewashi.
3.2 Ngenxa yokuthi i-valve ye-pneumatic kunethiwekhi yepayipi ivame ukuvulwa futhi ivaliwe ngesandla, inani lokuvula nokuvala ukuguqulwa akufanele libe liningi kakhulu, okungukuthi, i-valve yobubanzi obukhulu kufanele futhi ibe phakathi kwama-revolutions angu-200-600.
3.3 Ukuze kube lula ukuvula nokuvala ukusebenza komuntu oyedwa, i-torque ephezulu yokuvula nokuvala kufanele ibe ngu-240N-m ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela kwepayipi.
3.4 Ukuphela kokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu yesango elithambile kufanele kube i-square tenon, futhi ubukhulu kufanele bufane, futhi bubheke phansi, ukuze abantu bakwazi ukusebenza ngokuqondile phansi. Amavalvu anama-disc disc awafanele ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi angaphansi komhlaba.
Iphaneli yokubonisa engu-3.5 yedigri yokuvula nokuvala yophawu oluthambilei-valve yesango
(1) Uphawu lwesikali lwezinga lokuvula nelokuvala levalvu yesango elithambile kufanele lwenziwe phezu kwesembozo sebhokisi lika-gearbox noma egobolondweni lediski ebonisayo ngemva kokushintsha indlela, zonke zibheke phansi, futhi uphawu lwesikali kufanele lubhulashwe nge-phosphor ukukhombisa ukudonsa amehlo;
(2) Impahla yenaliti yediski yenkomba ingenziwa ngepuleti yensimbi engagqwali ngaphansi kwesimo sokuphatha kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho ipuleti lensimbi elipendiwe, futhi akufanele lenziwe ngesikhumba se-aluminium;
(3) Inaliti ye-disc yenkomba ibheka amehlo, igxilwe ngokuqinile, uma ukulungiswa kokuvula nokuvala kunembile, kufanele ivalwe ngama-rivets.
3.6 Uma i-valve yesango lophawu oluthambile igqitshwe yajula, futhi ibanga phakathi kwendlela yokusebenza kanye nephaneli yokubonisa nomhlabathi ingu-≥1.5m, kufanele ifakwe i-extension rod, futhi kufanele imiswe iqine ukuze abantu bakwazi ukuyibuka futhi basebenze besuka phansi. Okusho ukuthi, ukuvulwa nokuvala ukusebenza kwe-valve kunethiwekhi yepayipi akufanelekile ukusebenza ngaphansi komhlaba.
Okwesine, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kophawu oluthambilei-valve yesango
4.1 Uma i-valve ikhiqizwa ngamaqoqo okucaciswa okuthile, inhlangano egunyaziwe kufanele iphathiswe ukuhlola ukusebenza okulandelayo:
(1) I-torque yokuvula nokuvala ye-valve ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela kokusebenza;
(2) Ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela kokusebenza, kungaqinisekisa ukuvulwa okuqhubekayo nokuvala izikhathi ze-i-valveukuvala ngokuqinile;
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-coefficient yokumelana nokugeleza kwe-valve ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthuthwa kwamanzi ngamapayipi.
4.2 Ii-valvekufanele ihlolwe kanje ngaphambi kokushiya imboni:
(1) Lapho i-valve ivulwa, umzimba we-valve kufanele umelane nokuhlolwa kokucindezela kwangaphakathi okuphindwe kabili kwenani le-valve yokusebenza;
(2) Lapho ivalvu ivaliwe, izinhlangothi zombili zithwala izikhathi ezingu-1.1 inani lokucindezela kokusebenza kwevalvu, futhi akukho ukuvuza, kodwa inani lokuvuza levalve uvemvane elivalwe ngensimbi alilikhulu kunezidingo ezifanele.
Okwesihlanu, i-anti-corrosion yangaphakathi nangaphandle ye-valve yesango elithambile
5.1 Ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-valve yomzimba (kuhlanganise nebhokisi lokudlulisa isivinini esiguquguqukayo), okokuqala, ukuqhuma kwesibhamu, ukukhishwa kwesihlabathi nokususwa kokugqwala kufanele kwenziwe, futhi i-epoxy resin eyimpushane engeyona enobuthi kufanele ifuthwe nge-electrostatic, enogqinsi olungaphezu kuka-0.3mm. Uma kunzima ukufafaza nge-electrostatic resin ye-epoxy engenabuthi kumavalvu amakhulu kakhulu, upende ofanayo ongenabuthi we-epoxy kufanele futhi ubhulashwe futhi ufuthwe.
5.2 Ingaphakathi lomzimba we-valve kanye nazo zonke izingxenye ze-valve plate kudingeka ukuthi zingagqwali ngokuphelele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngeke zigqwale lapho zicwiliswe emanzini, futhi ngeke kube nokugqwala kwe-electrochemical phakathi kwezinsimbi ezimbili; Okwesibili, ubuso bushelelezi, ukuze ukumelana kwamanzi kuncishiswe.
5.3 Izidingo zokuhlanzeka ze-epoxy resin noma upende wokunqanda ukugqwala emzimbeni wevalvu kufanele zibe nombiko wokuhlola ovela kwabasemagunyeni abahambisanayo. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba kufanele nazo zihlangabezane nezidingo ezifanele.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-09-2024
