A i-stopcockivalvu [1] iyivalvu eqondile evuleka futhi ivale ngokushesha, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa kwimidiya enezinhlayiya ezilengayo ngenxa yomphumela wokusula wokunyakaza phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala izikulufo kanye nokuvikelwa okuphelele ekuthinteni nendawo egelezayo uma ivuliwe ngokugcwele. Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi kulula ukuzivumelanisa nokwakhiwa kweziteshi eziningi, ukuze ivalvu eyodwa ithole iziteshi ezimbili, ezintathu, noma ezine ezihlukene zokugeleza. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukwakheka kohlelo lwamapayipi, kunciphisa inani lamavalvu asetshenziswayo, futhi kunciphisa ezinye zezixhumanisi ezidingekayo emishinini.
Indlela esebenza ngayo ama-Valve ngei-stopcockimizimba enezimbobo zokungena njengezingxenye zokuvula nokuvala. Umzimba wepulaki ujikeleza ngesiqu se-[2] ukuze kufezwe isenzo sokuvula nokuvala. I-valve encane, engakathululwa, yepulaki yaziwa nangokuthi "i-cocker". Umzimba wepulaki we-valve yepulaki ikakhulukazi uyi-cone (kukhona nomzimba oyisilinda), ohambisana nobuso be-orifice obuyindilinga bomzimba we-valve ukuze kwakhiwe i-sealing pair. I-valve yepulaki uhlobo lokuqala lwe-valve olusetshenziswayo, olunesakhiwo esilula, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa okusheshayo, kanye nokumelana noketshezi okuphansi. Ama-valve epulaki ajwayelekile athembele ekuxhumekeni okuqondile phakathi komzimba wepulaki yensimbi oqediwe kanye nomzimba we-valve ukuze kuvalwe, ngakho-ke ukuvalwa kubi, amandla okuvula nokuvala makhulu, kulula ukuwagqoka, futhi ngokuvamile angasetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni eziphansi (hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-1 megapascal) kanye nobubanzi obuncane (ngaphansi kuka-100 mm).
Chlambalaza
Ngokwesimo sesakhiwo, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine: ivalvu yepulaki eqinile, ivalvu yepulaki ezivalayo, ivalvu yepulaki kanye nevalvu yepulaki efakwe uwoyela. Ngokwesimo sesiteshi, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ivalvu yepulaki eqondile, ivalvu yestopcock enezindlela ezintathu kanye nevalvu yepulaki enezindlela ezine. Kukhona namavalvu epulaki yepayipi.
Amavalvu okufaka ahlukaniswe ngokusetshenziswa okuhlanganisa: amavalvu okufaka aqinile okufaka aqinile, amavalvu okufaka aqinile okufaka aqinile, amavalvu okufaka aqinile, amavalvu okufaka aqinile kanye namavalvu okufaka aqinile.
Izinzuzo
1. I-valve yepulaki isetshenziselwa ukusebenza njalo, futhi ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kuyashesha futhi kulula.
2. Ukumelana koketshezi kwevalvu yepulaki kuncane.
3. I-valve yepulaki inesakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane, isisindo esincane kanye nokugcinwa okulula.
4. Ukusebenza kahle kokuvala.
5. Akunqunyelwe yisiqondiso sokufakwa, futhi isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-medium singaba ngokungahleliwe.
6. Akukho ukudlidliza, umsindo ophansi.
Amavalvu esango aqinile
I-valve yesango lokuvala elithambile, i-valve yezimboni, i-valve yesango lokuvala elithambile izingxenye zokuvula nokuvala ziyizinqama, isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwenqama siqonde ngqo ohlangothini loketshezi, i-valve yesango ingavulwa futhi ivalwe ngokuphelele kuphela, ayikwazi ukulungiswa futhi icindezelwe. Inqama inezindawo ezimbili zokuvala, i-valve yesango yemodi esetshenziswa kakhulu izindawo ezimbili zokuvala zakha i-wedge, i-engeli ye-wedge iyahlukahluka ngokwemingcele ye-valve, ububanzi obujwayelekile buyi-DN50 ~ DN1200, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza: ≤200°C.
Isimiso somkhiqizo
Ipuleti lesango le-wedgei-valve yesangoingenziwa ibe yinto yonke, ebizwa ngokuthi isango eliqinile; Ingenziwa futhi ibe yinqama engadala ukuguguleka okuncane ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo futhi ilungise ukuphambuka kwe-engeli yobuso bokuvala enkambisweni yokucubungula, ebizwa ngokuthi inqama enwebekayo.
uphawu oluthambileamavalvu esangozihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: induku evulekileivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambilekanye nophawu oluthambile lwenduku emnyamaivalvu yesango. Ngokuvamile kuba nentambo ye-trapezoidal endukwini yokuphakamisa, eshintsha ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kube ukunyakaza okuqondile nge-nut ephakathi kwe-ram kanye nomsele wokuqondisa emzimbeni we-valve, okungukuthi, i-torque yokusebenza iye ekucindezelweni kokusebenza. Lapho i-valve ivulwa, lapho ukuphakama kokuphakamisa i-ram kulingana nobubanzi be-valve obuyi-1:1 izikhathi, ukugeleza koketshezi akuvimbeki nhlobo, kodwa lesi sikhundla asinakuqashelwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, siphawulwa yi-vertex yesiqu, okungukuthi, isikhundla esingenakuvulwa, njengendawo yaso evulekile ngokuphelele. Ukuze kubhekwe ukukhiywa ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, sivame ukuvulwa siye endaweni engenhla bese sibuyiselwa emuva ngokujika okungu-1/2-1 njengendawo ye-valve evulekile ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, indawo evulekile ngokuphelele ye-valve inqunywa yindawo ye-ram (okungukuthi i-stroke). Lolu hlobo lwe-valve kufanele lufakwe ngokuvundlile epayipini.
Izidingo Ezijwayelekile
1. Imininingwane kanye nezigaba zeamavalvu esango lokuvala uphawu oluthambilekufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zemibhalo yokuklama amapayipi.
2. Imodeli yevalvu yesango elithambile kufanele ibonise izidingo zenombolo ejwayelekile kazwelonke ngokusho kwayo. Uma kuyindinganiso yebhizinisi, incazelo efanele yemodeli kufanele ikhonjiswe.
3. Ingcindezi yokusebenza yeivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileidinga ingcindezi yokusebenza yepayipi elingu-≥, ngaphandle kokuthinta intengo, ingcindezi yokusebenza ivalvu engathwala kufanele ibe nkulu kunengcindezi yokusebenza yangempela yepayipi, futhi noma yiluphi uhlangothi lwevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambile kufanele lukwazi ukumelana nenani lengcindezi yokusebenza yevalvu ngokuphindwe ka-1.1 ngaphandle kokuvuza;
4. Izinga lokukhiqiza le-ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambilekufanele ikhombise inombolo yezinga likazwelonke esekelwe kuyo, futhi uma kuyizinga lebhizinisi, idokhumenti yebhizinisi kufanele inamathiselwe kwinkontileka yokuthenga.
Okwesibili, izinto ze-valve yesango lokuvala uphawu oluthambile
1. Izinto zomzimba we-valve kufanele zibe yinsimbi ephonswe, insimbi ephonswe, insimbi engagqwali, 316L, futhi ibanga kanye nedatha yangempela yokuhlola ngokomzimba namakhemikhali yensimbi ephonswe kufanele ikhonjiswe.
2. Izinto zesiqu kufanele zilwele isiqu sensimbi engagqwali (2CR13), kanti ivalvu enobubanzi obukhulu kufanele futhi ibe yisiqu esifakwe ngaphakathi sensimbi engagqwali.
3. I-nut yenziwe ngethusi le-aluminium elihlanganisiwe noma ithusi le-aluminium elihlanganisiwe, futhi ubulukhuni namandla kukhulu kunokwesiqu se-valve.
4. Ubulukhuni namandla ezinto zokubopha isiqu akufanele kube kukhulu kunokwesiqu se-valve, futhi akufanele kube nokugqwala kwe-electrochemical ngesiqu se-valve nomzimba we-valve ngaphansi kwesimo sokucwiliswa emanzini.
5. Izinto zobuso bokuvala
(1) Izinhlobo zokuvala okuthambileivalvu yesangos zihlukile, futhi izindlela zokuvala kanye nezidingo zezinto zihlukile;
(2) Kuma-valve avamile esango le-wedge, kufanele kuchazwe izinto zokwakha, indlela yokulungisa kanye nendlela yokugaya yendandatho yethusi;
(3) Idatha yokuhlola i-physicochemical kanye nenhlanzeko ye-valve yesango elithambile kanye nezinto zokufaka i-valve plate lining;
6. Ukupakisha umgodi we-valve
(1) Ngoba uphawu oluthambileivalvu yesangoKunethiwekhi yamapayipi kuvame ukuvulwa nokuvalwa okungajwayelekile, ukupakisha kuyadingeka ukuthi kungasebenzi iminyaka eminingana, futhi ukupakisha akugugi, futhi umphumela wokuvala ugcinwa isikhathi eside;
(2) Ukupakisha amavalvu kufanele futhi kube okuhlala njalo uma kuvulwa futhi kuvalwa njalo;
(3) Ngenxa yezimfuneko ezingenhla, ukupakisha umshafu wevalvu kulwela ukungashintshwa impilo yonke noma iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi;
(4) Uma ukupakisha kudinga ukushintshwa, ukwakheka kwevalvu yomoya kufanele kucabangele izinyathelo ezingashintshwa ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela kwamanzi.
Okwesithathu, indlela yokusebenza yesivalo esithambileivalvu yesango
3.1 Indlela yokuvula nokuvala ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kufanele ivalwe ngokwewashi.
3.2 Ngenxa yokuthi ivalvu yomoya kunethiwekhi yamapayipi ivame ukuvulwa futhi ivalwe ngesandla, inani lokujika nokuvula akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu, okungukuthi, ivalvu enobubanzi obukhulu kufanele futhi ibe ngaphakathi kokujika okungu-200-600.
3.3 Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kokuvula nokuvala komuntu oyedwa, i-torque ephezulu yokuvula nokuvala kufanele ibe ngu-240N-m ngaphansi kwengcindezi yepayipi.
3.4 Ukuphela kokusebenza kokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambile kufanele kube yi-tenon yesikwele, futhi usayizi kufanele ube ojwayelekile, futhi ubheke phansi, ukuze abantu bakwazi ukusebenza ngqo besuka phansi. Amavalvu anama-disc disc awafanele ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi angaphansi komhlaba.
Iphaneli yokubonisa engu-3.5 yezinga lokuvula nokuvala lophawu oluthambileivalvu yesango
(1) Uphawu lwesikali sezinga lokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambile kufanele luphonswe esembozweni segiya noma egobolondweni lediski yokubonisa ngemva kokushintsha indlela, konke kubheke phansi, futhi uphawu lwesikali kufanele lugcotshwe nge-phosphors ukuze lubonise ukuthi luheha amehlo;
(2) Izinto zenaliti yediski yenkomba zingenziwa ngepuleti lensimbi engagqwali ngaphansi kwesimo sokuphathwa okuhle, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyipuleti lensimbi elipendiwe, futhi akufanele lenziwe ngesikhumba se-aluminium;
(3) Inaliti yediski yesikhombisi iyakhanga amehlo, iqiniswe ngokuqinile, uma ukulungiswa kokuvula nokuvala sekunembile, kufanele ikhiywe ngama-rivets.
3.6 Uma ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambile igqitshwe ngokujulile, futhi ibanga phakathi kwendlela yokusebenza kanye nephaneli yokubonisa kanye nomhlabathi lingu-≥1.5m, kufanele ifakwe induku yokwandisa, futhi kufanele iqine ukuze abantu bakwazi ukubuka nokusebenza besuka phansi. Okusho ukuthi, ukusebenza kokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu kunethiwekhi yamapayipi akufaneleki ukusebenza ngaphansi komhlaba.
Okwesine, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kophawu oluthambileivalvu yesango
4.1 Uma ivalvu ikhiqizwa ngamaqoqo encazelo ethile, inhlangano enegunya kufanele iphathiswe ukuhlola ukusebenza okulandelayo:
(1) I-torque yokuvula nokuvala ye-valve ngaphansi kwesimo sengcindezi yokusebenza;
(2) Ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza kwengcindezi, ingaqinisekisa izikhathi zokuvula nokuvala eziqhubekayoivalvuukuvala ngokuqinile;
(3) Ukutholwa kwesilinganiso sokumelana nokugeleza kwevalvu ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthuthwa kwamanzi epayipini.
4.2 Iivalvukufanele ihlolwe kanje ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri:
(1) Uma ivalvu ivuliwe, umzimba wevalvu kufanele umelane nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yangaphakathi okuphindwe kabili kunenani lengcindezi yokusebenza yevalvu;
(2) Uma ivalvu ivaliwe, izinhlangothi zombili zinenani eliphindwe ka-1.1 lengcindezi yokusebenza yevalvu, futhi akukho ukuvuza, kodwa inani lokuvuza levalvu yebhabhathane evalwe ngensimbi alikho ngaphezu kwezidingo ezifanele.
Okwesihlanu, ukulwa nokugqwala kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-valve yesango lokuvala uphawu oluthambile
5.1 Ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba wevalvu (kufaka phakathi ibhokisi lokudlulisa isivinini esiguquguqukayo), okokuqala, kufanele kwenziwe ukuqhuma ngokudubula, ukususwa kwesihlabathi kanye nokususwa kokugqwala, kanti i-epoxy resin engeyona enobuthi eyimpuphu kufanele ifuthwe ngogesi, ibe nobukhulu obungaphezu kuka-0.3mm. Uma kunzima ukufutha i-epoxy resin engeyona enobuthi ngogesi kumavalvu amakhulu kakhulu, upende we-epoxy ongeyona enobuthi ofanayo kufanele ubhulashwe futhi ufafazwe.
5.2 Ingaphakathi lomzimba wevalvu nazo zonke izingxenye zepuleti levalvu kudingeka ukuthi lilwe ngokuphelele nokugqwala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngeke ligqwale uma licwiliswe emanzini, futhi ngeke kube nokugqwala kwe-electrochemical phakathi kwezinsimbi ezimbili; Okwesibili, ubuso bubushelelezi, ukuze ukumelana namanzi kunciphe.
5.3 Izidingo zokuhlanzeka ze-epoxy resin noma upende wokulwa nokugqwala emzimbeni we-valve kufanele zibe nombiko wokuhlolwa ovela kugunya elifanele. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba kufanele futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo ezifanele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-09-2024
