Njengebhizinisi lokulawula ukunukubezeka, umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wesikhungo sokuhlanza indle uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso. Kodwa-ke, ngezindinganiso eziqinile zokulahla kanye nolaka lwabahloli bokuvikela imvelo, kulethe ingcindezi enkulu yokusebenza endaweni yokuhlanza indle. Impela kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ukukhipha amanzi.
Ngokubona kombhali, imbangela eqondile yobunzima bokufinyelela izinga lokuchithwa kwamanzi ukuthi ngokuvamile kuneziyingi ezintathu ezinonya ezitshalweni zokukhucululwa kwendle ezweni lami.
Owokuqala umbuthano ononya womsebenzi we-sludge ophansi (MLVSS/MLSS) kanye nokugxilwa kodaka oluphezulu; okwesibili umjikelezo ononya wenani elikhulu lamakhemikhali okususwa kwe-phosphorus asetshenziswayo, ukukhishwa kwe-sludge ngaphezulu; eyesithathu iyindawo yokuhlanza indle yesikhathi eside Ukusebenza kwe-Overload, imishini ayikwazi ukushintshwa, igijima nezifo unyaka wonke, okuholela embuthanweni ononya wokunciphisa umthamo wokuhlanza indle.
#1
Umbuthano ononya womsebenzi we-sludge ophansi kanye nokugxila okuphezulu kodaka
USolwazi Wang Hongchen wenze ucwaningo ezikhungweni zokukhuculula indle ezingama-467. Ake sibheke imininingwane yokusebenza kodaka nokugcwala kodaka: Phakathi kwalezi zindawo zokukhuculula indle ezingama-467, ama-61% ezindawo zokukhuculula indle ane-MLVSS/MLSS engaphansi kuka-0.5, cishe amaphesenti angama-30 ezindawo zokuhlanza zine-MLVSS/MLSS ngaphansi kuka-0.4.
Ukugcwala kodaka kwe-2/3 yezitshalo zokukhuculula indle kudlula ku-4000 mg/L, ukugcwala kodaka kwe-1/3 yezindawo zokukhuculula indle kudlula ku-6000 mg/L, kanti ukugcwala kodaka lwezitshalo ezingama-20 zokukhuculula indle kudlula i-10000 mg/L. .
Iyini imiphumela yalezi zimo ezingenhla (umsebenzi wodaka oluphansi, ukugcwala kodaka oluphezulu)? Nakuba siye sabona izihloko eziningi zobuchwepheshe ezihlaziya iqiniso, kodwa ngamazwi alula, kunomphumela owodwa, okungukuthi, ukuphuma kwamanzi kudlula izinga.
Lokhu kungachazwa ngezici ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngemva kokuba udaka luphezulu, ukuze ugweme ukufakwa kwe-sludge, kuyadingeka ukwandisa umoya. Ukwandisa inani le-aeration ngeke nje kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa futhi kwandise isigaba sezinto eziphilayo. Ukwenyuka komoyampilo oncibilikisiwe kuzohlwitha umthombo wekhabhoni odingekayo ukuze kukhishwe i-denitrification, okuzothinta ngokuqondile umphumela wokukhishwa kwe-denitrification kanye nokususwa kwe-phosphorus ohlelweni lwebhayoloji, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-N ne-P ngokweqile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugcwala kodaka oluphakeme kwenza isixhumi esibonakalayo samanzi odaka sikhuphuke, futhi udaka lulahleka kalula namanzi angcolile ethangi lesibili lokuthungatha, okungase kuvimbe iyunithi yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe noma kubangele ukungcola kwe-COD ne-SS kweqe umthamo. ejwayelekile.
Ngemva kokukhuluma ngemiphumela, ake sikhulume ngokuthi kungani izitshalo eziningi zokukhuculula indle zinenkinga yomsebenzi ophansi we-sludge kanye nokugxila okuphezulu kwe-sludge.
Eqinisweni, isizathu sokugcwala kakhulu kodaka umsebenzi ophansi wodaka. Ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi we-sludge uphansi, ukuze uthuthukise umphumela wokwelapha, ukugxila kwe-sludge kufanele kwandiswe. Umsebenzi ophansi we-sludge ungenxa yokuthi amanzi anomthelela aqukethe inani elikhulu lesihlabathi se-slag, esingena esikhungweni sokwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo futhi siqoqa kancane kancane, esithinta umsebenzi wezinto ezincane.
Kunenqwaba ye-slag nesihlabathi emanzini angenayo. Okunye ukuthi umthelela wokuvinjwa kwe-grille mubi kakhulu, kanti okunye ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-90% wezindawo zokukhuculula indle ezweni lami azikawakhi amathangi okuthungatha.
Abanye abantu bangase babuze, kungani ungakhi ithangi lokuqala lokuthungatha? Lokhu kumayelana nenethiwekhi yamapayipi. Kunezinkinga ezinjengokungaxhumi kahle, ukuxhumana okuxubile, nokuntuleka kokuxhumeka kunethiwekhi yamapayipi ezweni lami. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhwalithi yamanzi enethonya lezitshalo zokukhucululwa kwendle ngokuvamile inezici ezintathu: i-high inorganic solid concentration (ISS), i-COD ephansi, isilinganiso esiphansi se-C/N.
I-concentration of inorganic solids emanzini anethonya iphezulu, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwesihlabathi kuphakeme kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, ithangi eliyisisekelo lokuthungatha linganciphisa ezinye izinto ezingaphili, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-COD yamanzi anamandla iphansi kakhulu, izitshalo eziningi zokukhuculula indle zimane Ungawakhi ithange lokuqala lokuthungatha.
Ekuhlaziyeni kokugcina, umsebenzi wodaka oluphansi uyifa “lezitshalo ezinzima namanetha alula”.
Sishilo ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-sludge ephezulu kanye nomsebenzi ophansi kuzoholela ku-N no-P ngokweqile emanzini angcolile. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyathelo zokusabela zezitshalo eziningi zokukhucululwa kwendle ziwukwengeza imithombo yekhabhoni kanye nama-inorganic flocculants. Kodwa-ke, ukwengezwa kwenani elikhulu lemithombo yangaphandle yekhabhoni kuzoholela ekwandeni okwengeziwe kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kuyilapho ukungezwa kwenani elikhulu le-flocculant kuzokhiqiza inani elikhulu le-sludge yamakhemikhali, okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa kwe-sludge kanye nokunye. ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-sludge, ukwakha umbuthano ononya.
#2
Umbuthano ononya lapho inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali okususwa kwe-phosphorus asetshenziswayo, kukhulu ukukhiqizwa kodaka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okukhipha i-phosphorus kukhulise ukukhiqizwa kodaka ngo-20% kuya ku-30%, noma ngisho nangaphezulu.
Inkinga yodaka ibilokhu ikhathaza kakhulu izindawo zokukhuculula indle iminyaka eminingi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ayikho indlela yokuphuma kudaka, noma indlela yokuphuma ayizinzile. .
Lokhu kuholela ekwandiseni iminyaka yodaka, okuholela esimweni sokuguga kodaka, kanye nokunye okungavamile okubucayi njengokugcwala kodaka.
I-sludge enwetshiwe ayinakugeleza kahle. Ngokulahlekelwa kwamanzi angcolile ethangini lesibili le-sedimentation, iyunithi yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe iyavinjwa, umphumela wokwelapha uyancipha, futhi inani lamanzi ahlanzwa ngemuva liyakhula.
Ukwanda kwenani lamanzi okugeza ngemuva kuzoholela emiphumeleni emibili, eyodwa ukunciphisa umphumela wokwelapha wesigaba sangaphambilini se-biochemical.
Inani elikhulu lamanzi e-backwash libuyiselwa ku-tank ye-aeration, okunciphisa isikhathi sangempela sokugcinwa kwe-hydraulic yesakhiwo futhi kunciphisa umphumela wokwelapha wokwelashwa kwesibili;
Okwesibili ukwehlisa ngokuqhubekayo umphumela wokucubungula weyunithi yokucubungula ukujula.
Ngenxa yokuthi amanzi amaningi okuwashwa ngemuva kufanele abuyiselwe ohlelweni lokuhlunga oluthuthukisiwe, izinga lokuhlunga liyakhula futhi umthamo wangempela wokuhlunga uyancipha.
Umphumela wokwelapha usuwonke uba mubi, okungase kubangele ingqikithi ye-phosphorus ne-COD emanzini alahlwayo ukuba idlule izinga. Ukuze ugweme ukweqa izinga, isitshalo sokukhuculula indle sizokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti okususwa kwe-phosphorus, okuzokwandisa ukwanda kwe-sludge.
embuthanweni ononya.
#3
Umbuthano ononya wokugcwala isikhathi eside kwezitshalo zokukhucululwa kwendle kanye nokunciphisa umthamo wokuhlanza indle
Ukwelashwa kwendle akuxhomekile kuphela kubantu, kodwa futhi nasezinsizeni.
Imishini yokuthuthwa kwendle isinesikhathi eside ilwa emgqeni ophambili wokuhlanza amanzi. Uma ingalungiswa njalo, izinkinga zizokwenzeka ngokushesha noma kamuva. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, imishini yokuthuthwa kwendle ayikwazi ukulungiswa, ngoba uma umshini othile unqamuka, ukuphuma kwamanzi kungenzeka kudlule izinga. Ngaphansi kohlelo lwezinhlawulo zansuku zonke, wonke umuntu akakwazi ukukukhokhela.
Phakathi kwezindawo zokukhuculula indle ezingama-467 ezisemadolobheni ezahlolwa nguSolwazi Wang Hongchen, cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zazo zinamazinga omthamo we-hydraulic angaphezu kuka-80%, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu engaphezu kuka-120%, kanti izindawo ezi-5 zokukhuculula indle zingaphezu kuka-150%.
Uma izinga lokugcwala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lingaphezu kwama-80%, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimbalwa zokukhuculula indle ezinkulu kakhulu, izimboni ezijwayelekile zokukhuculula indle azikwazi ukuvala amanzi ukuze alungiswe ngesisekelo sokuthi ukungcola kufinyelela ezingeni, futhi awekho amanzi ayisipele. ama-aerators kanye nesesibili sedimentation tank suction kanye nama-scrapers. Imishini ephansi ingalungiswa kabusha ngokuphelele noma ishintshwe lapho ikhishwa.
Okusho ukuthi, cishe u-2/3 wezitshalo zokukhucululwa kwendle awukwazi ukulungisa izinto zokusebenza ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kuyahlangabezana nezinga.
Ngokocwaningo lukaSolwazi Wang Hongchen, isikhathi sokuphila sama-aera ngokuvamile siyiminyaka emi-4-6, kodwa i-1/4 yezitshalo zokukhuculula indle ayizange iwenze ukunakekelwa kokukhipha umoya kuma-aera isikhathi eside esingangeminyaka engu-6. Umshini wokukhuhla udaka, odinga ukuchithwa futhi ulungiswe, ngokuvamile awulungiswa unyaka wonke.
Sekuyisikhathi eside imishini isebenza ngokugula, futhi umthamo wokuhlanza amanzi uya ngokuya uba mkhulu. Ukuze umelane nokucindezela kokuphuma kwamanzi, ayikho indlela yokuyimisa ukuze igcinwe. Embuthanweni ononya onjalo, kuyohlale kunesistimu yokuhlanza indle ezobhekana nokuwa.
#4
bhala ekugcineni
Ngemva kokusungulwa kokuvikelwa kwemvelo njengomgomo kazwelonke oyisisekelo wezwe lami, izinkundla zamanzi, igesi, okuqinile, inhlabathi kanye nokunye ukulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwemvelo kwathuthukiswa ngokushesha, okungase kuthiwe umkhakha wokuhlanza indle uyinhloko. Izinga elinganele, ukusebenza kwesikhungo sokukhuculula indle kuwele enkingeni, futhi inkinga yoxhaxha lwamapayipi kanye nodaka sekuyizingqinamba ezimbili ezinkulu zemboni yezwe lami yokukhuculula indle.
Futhi manje, sekuyisikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-23-2022
