Imikhiqizo yamavalvu emakethe yamandla aluhlaza

1. Amandla Aluhlaza Emhlabeni Wonke
Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA), umthamo wezohwebo wokukhiqizwa kwamandla ahlanzekile uzophindeka kathathu ngo-2030. Imithombo yamandla ahlanzekile ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu umoya kanye nelanga, okubalwa ndawonye u-12% wamandla kagesi aphelele ngo-2022, okwenyuke ngo-10% kusukela ngo-2021. IYurophu isalokhu ingumholi ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla aluhlaza. Ngenkathi i-BP inciphise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwayo emandleni aluhlaza, ezinye izinkampani, njenge-Empresa Nazionale dell'Electricità (Enel) yase-Italy kanye ne-Energia Portuguesa (EDP) yasePortugal, ziyaqhubeka nokuqhubeka ngamandla. I-European Union, ezimisele ukulwa ne-US kanye ne-China, inciphise ukuvunyelwa kwamaphrojekthi aluhlaza ngenkathi ivumela uxhaso oluphezulu lukahulumeni. Lokhu kuthole ukwesekwa okuqinile yiJalimane, ehlose ukukhiqiza u-80% kagesi wayo kusuka kugesi ovuselelekayo ngo-2030 futhi yakhe ama-gigawatts angu-30 (GW) wamandla omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle.

Amandla kagesi aluhlaza akhula ngo-12.8% ovelele ngo-2022. ISaudi Arabia imemezele ukuthi izotshala imali engu-$266.4 billion embonini yamandla aluhlaza. Iningi lamaphrojekthi lenziwa yiMasdar, inkampani yamandla e-United Arab Emirates esebenza eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Asia Ephakathi nase-Afrika. Izwekazi lase-Afrika nalo libhekene nokuntuleka kwamandla njengoba amandla kagesi angaphansi kwamanzi ehla. INingizimu Afrika, eye yabhekana nokucinywa kogesi okuphindaphindiwe, icindezela umthetho wokusheshisa amaphrojekthi kagesi. Amanye amazwe agxile kumaphrojekthi kagesi afaka phakathi iZimbabwe (lapho iChina izokwakha khona isitshalo samandla esintantayo), iMorocco, iKenya, i-Ethiopia, iZambia kanye neGibhithe. Uhlelo lwamandla kagesi aluhlaza lwase-Australia nalo luyafinyelela ezingeni elifanele, njengoba uhulumeni wamanje ephinda kabili inani lamaphrojekthi kagesi ahlanzekile avunyelwe kuze kube manje. Uhlelo lokuthuthukisa amandla ahlanzekile olukhishwe ngoSepthemba odlule lubonisa ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa u-$40 billion ekuguquleni izitshalo zamandla amalahle zibe izitshalo zamandla avuselelekayo. Ukuphendukela e-Asia, imboni yamandla elanga yaseNdiya isiqede igagasi lokukhula okukhulu, iqaphela ukushintshwa kwegesi yemvelo, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle akukashintshi kakhulu. Izwe lizonikeza amaphrojekthi angu-8 GW kagesi womoya ngonyaka kuze kube ngu-2030. I-China ihlela ukwakha iziteshi zamandla elanga nezomoya ezingu-450 GW ezinamandla aphezulu esifundeni saseGobi Desert.

2. Imikhiqizo yamavalvu emakethe yamandla aluhlaza
Kunamathuba amaningi ebhizinisi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezicelo zama-valve. I-OHL Gutermuth, isibonelo, igxile kuma-valve anomfutho ophezulu wezitshalo zamandla elanga. Le nkampani iphinde yahlinzeka ngama-valve akhethekile esitshalo samandla elanga esikhulu kunazo zonke eDubai futhi isebenze njengomeluleki kumkhiqizi wemishini waseShayina iShanghai Electric Group. Ngasekuqaleni konyaka, iValmet yamemezela ukuthi izohlinzeka ngezixazululo zama-valve zesitshalo se-hydrogen esiluhlaza esilingana ne-gigawatt.

Iphothifoliyo yomkhiqizo kaSamson Pfeiffer ihlanganisa ama-valve okuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen enobungani nemvelo kanye nama-valve ezitshalo ze-electrolysis. Ngonyaka odlule, i-AUMA yahlinzeka ngama-actuator angamashumi amane esiteshini samandla kagesi esikhiqiza isizukulwane esisha esifundeni saseChinshui eSifundazweni saseTaiwan. Aklanyelwe ukumelana nendawo egqwala kakhulu, njengoba ayezovezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu kumagesi ane-asidi.

Njengebhizinisi lokukhiqiza, i-Waters Valve iyaqhubeka nokusheshisa ukuguqulwa okuluhlaza futhi ithuthukise ubuluhlaza bemikhiqizo yayo, futhi izibophezele ekuthwaleni umqondo wokuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza kulo lonke ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwebhizinisi, isheshise ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi nensimbi, njengama-valve e-butterfly (amavalvu ebhabhathane e-wafer, amavalvu ebhabhathane aphakathi nendawo,amavalvu ebhabhathane aqinile, amavalvu ebhabhathane enjoloba, namavalvu ebhabhathane anobubanzi obukhulu), amavalvu ebhola (amavalvu e-hemispherical eccentric), amavalvu okuhlola, amavalvu okungenisa umoya, amavalvu okulinganisa, amavalvu okumisa,amavalvu esangonjalo njalo, kanye nokuletha imikhiqizo eluhlaza Phusha imikhiqizo eluhlaza emhlabeni.