Kubunjiniyela bamapayipi, ukukhethwa okufanele kwamavalvu kagesi kungenye yezimiso zesiqinisekiso sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa. Uma ivalvu kagesi esetshenzisiwe ingakhethwanga kahle, ngeke nje ithinte ukusetshenziswa, kodwa futhi izoletha imiphumela emibi noma ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa okufanele kwamavalvu kagesi ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela bamapayipi.
Indawo yokusebenza yevalvu kagesi
Ngaphezu kokunaka imingcele yepayipi, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile izimo zemvelo zokusebenza kwayo, ngoba idivayisi kagesi evalvini kagesi iyimishini kagesi, futhi isimo sayo sokusebenza sithinteka kakhulu yindawo yayo yokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, indawo yokusebenza yevalvini kagesi imi kanje:
1. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi noma ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle ngezinyathelo zokuzivikela;
2. Ukufakwa ngaphandle emoyeni ovulekile, nomoya, isihlabathi, imvula namazolo, ukukhanya kwelanga nokunye ukuguguleka komhlabathi;
3. Inendawo evuthayo noma eqhumayo yegesi noma uthuli;
4. Indawo enomswakama neyomile yasezindaweni ezishisayo;
5. Izinga lokushisa lendawo yokuhambisa ipayipi liphakeme kakhulu kufika ku-480°C noma ngaphezulu;
6. Izinga lokushisa elizungezile lingaphansi kuka-20°C;
7. Kulula ukukhukhulwa ngamanzi noma ukucwiliswa emanzini;
8. Izindawo ezinezinto ezikhipha imisebe (izitshalo zamandla enuzi kanye namadivayisi okuhlola izinto ezikhipha imisebe);
9. Indawo yomkhumbi noma idoko (enesifutho sikasawoti, isikhunta, kanye nomswakama);
10. Izikhathi lapho kudlidliza kakhulu;
11. Izikhathi ezivame ukubangwa ngumlilo;
Kuma-valve kagesi ezindaweni ezishiwo ngenhla, isakhiwo, izinto zokwakha kanye nezindlela zokuvikela zamadivayisi kagesi zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, idivayisi kagesi yama-valve ehambisanayo kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza eshiwo ngenhla.
Izidingo zokusebenza zikagesiamavalvu
Ngokwezidingo zokulawula ubunjiniyela, kwi-valve kagesi, umsebenzi wokulawula uqedwa yidivayisi kagesi. Inhloso yokusebenzisa ama-valve kagesi ukwenza ukulawula kukagesi okungewona okwesandla noma ukulawula ikhompyutha ukuze kuvulwe, kuvalwe futhi kulungiswe ukuxhumaniswa kwama-valve. Amadivayisi kagesi anamuhla awasetshenziswa nje ukonga abasebenzi. Ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu emsebenzini kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene, ukukhethwa kwamadivayisi kagesi kanye nokukhethwa kwama-valve kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kuphrojekthi.
Ukulawulwa kukagesi kagesiamavalvu
Ngenxa yokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kwezimboni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwamavalvu kagesi kuyanda, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, izidingo zokulawula zamavalvu kagesi ziya ngokuya zikhula futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwamavalvu kagesi maqondana nokulawulwa kukagesi nakho kuvuselelwa njalo. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthandwa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhompyutha, izindlela ezintsha nezihlukahlukene zokulawula ugesi zizoqhubeka nokuvela. Ukuze kulawulwe ugesi jikeleleivalvu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukukhethwa kwemodi yokulawula yevalvu kagesi. Isibonelo, ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi, ukuthi ngabe kusetshenziswe imodi yokulawula ephakathi, noma imodi yokulawula eyodwa, ukuthi ngabe kuxhunywe neminye imishini, ukulawula uhlelo noma ukusetshenziswa kokulawula uhlelo lwekhompyutha, njll., isimiso sokulawula sihlukile. Isampula yomkhiqizi wedivayisi kagesi yevalvu inikeza kuphela isimiso sokulawula kagesi esijwayelekile, ngakho umnyango wokusebenzisa kufanele wenze ukudalulwa kobuchwepheshe nomkhiqizi wedivayisi kagesi futhi ucacise izidingo zobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukhetha ivalvu kagesi, kufanele ucabangele ukuthi uzothenga yini isilawuli sevalvu kagesi esengeziwe. Ngoba ngokuvamile, isilawuli sidinga ukuthengwa ngokwehlukana. Ezimweni eziningi, uma usebenzisa isilawuli esisodwa, kuyadingeka ukuthenga isilawuli, ngoba kulula kakhulu futhi kushibhile ukuthenga isilawuli kunokusiklama nokuyikhiqiza ngumsebenzisi. Lapho ukusebenza kokulawula kagesi kungenakwanelisa izidingo zomklamo wobunjiniyela, umenzi kufanele acelwe ukuthi ashintshe noma aklame kabusha.
Idivayisi kagesi yevalvu iyidivayisi ekwazi ukwenza uhlelo lwevalvu, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokulawula okude*, futhi inqubo yayo yokunyakaza ingalawulwa inani lokushaya, i-torque noma i-axial thrust. Njengoba izici zokusebenza kanye nesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwe-valvu actuator kuncike ohlotsheni lwevalvu, incazelo yokusebenza yedivayisi, kanye nendawo yevalvu epayipini noma emishinini, ukukhetha okufanele kwe-valvu actuator kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile (i-torque yokusebenza iphakeme kune-torque yokulawula). Ngokuvamile, isisekelo sokukhetha okufanele kwamadivayisi kagesi evalvu simi kanje:
I-torque yokusebenza I-torque yokusebenza iyipharamitha eyinhloko yokukhetha idivayisi kagesi ye-valve, futhi i-torque yokukhipha yedivayisi kagesi kufanele ibe izikhathi ezingu-1.2 ~ 1.5 ze-torque yokusebenza ye-valve.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa idivayisi kagesi ye-thrust valve: eyodwa ayinayo i-thrust disc futhi ikhipha i-torque ngqo; Enye iwukumisa i-thrust plate, bese i-output torque iguqulwa ibe yi-output thrust nge-stem nut e-thrust plate.
Inani lokujika okujikelezayo komgodi wokukhipha wedivayisi kagesi yevalvu lihlobene nobubanzi obujwayelekile bevalvu, iphimbo lesiqu kanye nenani lezintambo, okufanele zibalwe ngokuya nge-M=H/ZS (I-M yinani eliphelele lokujika okufanele idivayisi kagesi ihlangabezane nalo, i-H ukuphakama kokuvula kwevalvu, i-S yiphimbo lentambo lokudluliswa kwesiqu sevalvu, kanye ne-Z yinani lamakhanda anezintambo e-ivalvuisiqu).
Uma ububanzi obukhulu besiqu obuvunyelwe yidivayisi kagesi bungakwazi ukudlula esiqwini sevalvu efakiwe, abukwazi ukuhlanganiswa bube yivalvu kagesi. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bangaphakathi bomgodi wokukhipha ongenalutho we-actuator kumele bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle besiqu sevalvu yenduku evulekile. Kwivalvu yenduku emnyama kuvalvu ejikelezayo engaphelele kanye nevalvu ephenduka kaningi, yize inkinga yokudlula kobubanzi besiqu sevalvu ingacatshangelwa, ububanzi besiqu sevalvu kanye nosayizi wendlela eyisihluthulelo kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ngokugcwele lapho kukhethwa, ukuze isebenze ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokuhlanganiswa.
Uma isivinini sokuvula nokuvala sevalvu yesivinini sokuphuma sishesha kakhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza isando samanzi. Ngakho-ke, isivinini sokuvula nokuvala esifanele kufanele sikhethwe ngokuya ngezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa.
Ama-valve actuator anezidingo zawo ezikhethekile, okungukuthi kumele akwazi ukuchaza amandla e-torque noma e-axial.ivalvuAma-actuator asebenzisa ama-coupling okunciphisa i-torque. Uma usayizi wedivayisi kagesi unqunywa, i-torque yayo yokulawula nayo iyanqunywa. Ngokuvamile isebenza ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, imoto ngeke igcwale ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka izimo ezilandelayo, kungaholela ekugcwaleni ngokweqile: okokuqala, i-voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla iphansi, futhi i-torque edingekayo ayikwazi ukutholakala, ukuze imoto iyeke ukujikeleza; okwesibili ukulungisa ngephutha indlela yokunciphisa i-torque ukuze iyenze ibe nkulu kune-torque yokumisa, okuholela ekuqhumeni okuqhubekayo ngokweqile kanye nokumisa imoto; okwesithathu ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, kanti ukuqongelela kokushisa okukhiqizwayo kudlula inani elivunyelwe lokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lemoto; Okwesine, isekethe yendlela yokunciphisa i-torque iyahluleka ngesizathu esithile, okwenza i-torque ibe nkulu kakhulu; Okwesihlanu, izinga lokushisa elizungezile liphezulu kakhulu, okunciphisa amandla okushisa emoto.
Esikhathini esidlule, indlela yokuvikela injini kwakuwukusebenzisa ama-fuse, ama-overcurrent relay, ama-thermal relay, ama-thermostat, njll., kodwa lezi zindlela zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo. Ayikho indlela yokuvikela ethembekile yemishini yomthwalo oguquguqukayo njengamadivayisi kagesi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kusetshenziswe inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene, engafingqwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: eyodwa ukwahlulela ukwanda noma ukwehla kwamandla okufaka enjini; eyesibili ukwahlulela isimo sokushisa senjini uqobo. Kunoma iyiphi indlela, noma iyiphi indlela icabangela isikhathi esinikeziwe somthamo wokushisa wenjini.
Ngokuvamile, indlela eyisisekelo yokuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile yile: ukuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile ukuze kusebenze ngokuqhubekayo noma kusebenze ngokujaha imoto, kusetshenziswa i-thermostat; Ukuze kuvikelwe i-rotor ye-motor stall, kusetshenziswa i-thermal relay; Ngezingozi ze-short-circuit, kusetshenziswa ama-fuse noma ama-overcurrent relay.
Uhlezi kahle kakhuluamavalvu ebhabhathane,ivalvu yesango, ivalvu yokuhlolaimininingwane, ungaxhumana nathi nge-whatsapp noma nge-imeyili.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-26-2024
