Ama-valve e-hydrogen ewuketshezi ngokombono wemboni

I-hydrogen ewuketshezi inezinzuzo ezithile ekugcinweni nasekuthuthweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hydrogen, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi (LH2) inobuningi obukhulu futhi idinga ingcindezi ephansi yokugcina. Kodwa-ke, i-hydrogen kufanele ibe yi--253°C ukuze ibe uketshezi, okusho ukuthi kunzima kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu kanye nezingozi zokusha kwenza i-hydrogen ewuketshezi ibe yindawo eyingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kuyizidingo eziqinile lapho kuklanywa ama-valve ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanele.

Ibhalwe nguFadila Khelfaoui, Frédéric Blanquet

I-valve ye-Velan (i-Velan)

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi (LH2).

Njengamanje, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi isetshenziswa futhi izanywa ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezikhethekile ezahlukahlukene. Ezindiza, ingasetshenziswa njengophethiloli wokuqalisa irokhethi futhi ingadala amagagasi okushaqeka emihubheni yomoya edlulayo. Isekelwa "yisayensi enkulu," i-hydrogen ewuketshezi isibe yinto ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa amandla, izisheshisi zezinhlayiya, kanye namadivayisi okuhlanganisa amandla enuzi. Njengoba isifiso sabantu sentuthuko esimeme sikhula, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi isetshenziswe njengophethiloli ngamaloli amaningi nemikhumbi eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ezimweni zokusetshenziswa ezingenhla, ukubaluleka kwamavalvu kusobala kakhulu. Ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwamavalvu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi (ukukhiqiza, ukuthutha, ukugcina kanye nokusabalalisa). Imisebenzi ehlobene ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi iyinselele. Njengoba ineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yesipiliyoni esisebenzayo kanye nobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wamavalvu asebenza kahle afinyelela ku--272°C, i-Velan ibilokhu ihileleke kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene amasha isikhathi eside, futhi kusobala ukuthi inqobe izinselelo zobuchwepheshe zenkonzo ye-hydrogen ewuketshezi ngamandla ayo.

Izinselele esigabeni sokuklama

Ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-hydrogen konke kuyizinto ezibalulekile ezihlolwa ekuhlolweni kwengozi yokuklama i-valve. Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono ukusebenza kwe-valve, ukuklama kanye nokukhetha izinto kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ama-valve asetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi abhekene nezinselele ezengeziwe, okuhlanganisa nemiphumela emibi ye-hydrogen ezinsimbini. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, izinto ze-valve akumele nje zimelane nokuhlaselwa kwama-molecule e-hydrogen (ezinye zezindlela zokuwohloka ezihambisanayo zisaphikiswana ngazo ezifundweni), kodwa futhi kumele zigcine ukusebenza okuvamile isikhathi eside emjikelezweni wazo wokuphila. Ngokwezinga lamanje lentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, imboni inolwazi olulinganiselwe mayelana nokusebenza kwezinto ezingezona ezensimbi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hydrogen. Lapho ukhetha izinto zokuvala, kubalulekile ukucabangela lesi sici. Ukuvala okuphumelelayo nakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokusebenza komklamo. Kukhona umehluko wokushisa ocishe ube ngu-300°C phakathi kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi kanye nokushisa okuzungezile (izinga lokushisa legumbi), okuholela ekuphakameni kokushisa. Ingxenye ngayinye ye-valve izobhekana namazinga ahlukene okwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela. Lokhu kungafani kungaholela ekuvuza okuyingozi kwezindawo zokuvala ezibalulekile. Ukuqina kokuvala kwesiqu se-valve nakho kuyisici esibalulekile somklamo. Ukuguquka kusuka ekubandeni kuya ekushiseni kudala ukugeleza kokushisa. Izingxenye ezishisayo zendawo ye-bonnet cavity zingase ziqine, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kokuvala isiqu futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kwe-valve. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu elingu-253°C lisho ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu bokufaka umswakama buyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve ingagcina i-hydrogen ewuketshezi kuleli zinga lokushisa ngenkathi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukubila. Uma nje kukhona ukushisa okudluliselwe ku-hydrogen ewuketshezi, kuzohwamuka futhi kuvuze. Akukhona lokho kuphela, ukuminyana komoya-mpilo kwenzeka lapho kuphuka khona i-insulation. Uma i-oxygen ihlangana ne-hydrogen noma ezinye izinto ezivuthayo, ingozi yomlilo iyanda. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabangela ingozi yomlilo ama-valve angase abhekane nayo, ama-valve kumele aklanywe ngezinto ezingaqhumi engqondweni, kanye nama-actuator angashisi, izinsimbi kanye nezintambo, konke lokhu kuqinisekiswa ngokuqinile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve isebenza kahle uma kwenzeka umlilo. Ukucindezela okwandisiwe nakho kuyingozi engaba khona engenza ama-valve angasebenzi. Uma i-hydrogen ewuketshezi ivaleleke emgodini womzimba we-valve futhi ukudluliselwa kokushisa kanye nokuhwamuka kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzobangela ukwanda kwengcindezi. Uma kukhona umehluko omkhulu wokucindezela, kwenzeka i-cavitation (cavitation)/umsindo. Lezi zenzakalo zingaholela ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuphila kwe-valve, futhi zilahlekelwe kakhulu ngenxa yeziphambeko zenqubo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo zokusebenza ezithile, uma lezi zici ezingenhla zingacatshangelwa ngokugcwele futhi izinyathelo zokulwa ezihambisanayo zingathathwa enkambisweni yokuklama, ingaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwe-valve. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinselele zokuklama ezihlobene nezinkinga zemvelo, njengokuvuza okubalekayo. I-hydrogen ihlukile: ama-molecule amancane, awanambala, awanaphunga, futhi ayaqhuma. Lezi zici zinquma isidingo esiphelele sokuvuza okungenalutho.

Esiteshini saseNorth Las Vegas West Coast Hydrogen Liquefaction,

Onjiniyela be-Wieland Valve bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe

Izixazululo ze-valve

Kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi nohlobo oluthile, ama-valve azo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-hydrogen ewuketshezi kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile ezivamile. Lezi zidingo zifaka: izinto zengxenye yesakhiwo kumele ziqinisekise ukuthi ubuqotho besakhiwo bugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu; Zonke izinto kumele zibe nezakhiwo zokuphepha emlilweni zemvelo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, izinto zokuvala kanye nokupakisha ama-valve e-hydrogen ewuketshezi kumele futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo eziyisisekelo ezishiwo ngenhla. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic iyinto efanelekile yama-valve e-hydrogen ewuketshezi. Inamandla amahle kakhulu okuthinta, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuncane, futhi ingamelana nokushisa okukhulu. Kunezinye izinto ezifanelekela nezimo ze-hydrogen ewuketshezi, kodwa zikhawulelwe ezimweni ezithile zenqubo. Ngaphezu kokukhetha izinto, eminye imininingwane yokuklama akufanele inganakwa, njengokwelula isiqu se-valve nokusebenzisa ikholomu yomoya ukuvikela ukupakisha kokuvala emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelulwa kwesiqu se-valve kungafakelwa indandatho yokuvikela ukuvimbela ukuminyana. Ukuklama ama-valve ngokwezimo ezithile zokusetshenziswa kusiza ukunikeza izixazululo ezinengqondo kakhulu ezinseleleni zobuchwepheshe ezahlukene. I-Vellan inikeza ama-valve e-butterfly ngemiklamo emibili ehlukene: ama-valve e-butterfly esihlalo sensimbi ewuketshezi ... Ngokuklama ukuma kwediski kanye nomzila wokujikeleza, kungatholakala ukuvala okuqinile. Akukho mgodi emzimbeni wevalvu lapho kungekho medium eseleyo. Endabeni ye-valve ye-butterfly e-Velan e-double eccentric, isebenzisa umklamo wokujikeleza wediski eccentric, kuhlanganiswe nohlelo lokuvala lwe-VELFLEX oluhlukile, ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvala ivalvu. Lo mklamo onelungelo lobunikazi ungamelana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu kuvalvu. I-disc ye-TORQSEAL e-triple eccentric nayo inomzila wokujikeleza oklanyelwe ngokukhethekile osiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokuvala idiski ithinta isihlalo kuphela ngesikhathi sokufinyelela endaweni yevalvu evaliwe futhi ayiklwebhi. Ngakho-ke, i-torque yokuvala yevalvu ingashayela idiski ukuze ifinyelele izihlalo ezihambisanayo, futhi ikhiqize umphumela owanele we-wedge endaweni yevalvu evaliwe, ngenkathi yenza idiski ixhumane ngokulinganayo nomjikelezo wonke wobuso bokuvala isihlalo. Ukuhambisana kwesihlalo sevalvu kuvumela umzimba wevalvu nediski ukuthi kube nomsebenzi "wokuzilungisa", ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukubanjwa kwediski ngesikhathi sokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. I-valve shaft yensimbi engagqwali eqinisiwe iyakwazi ukusebenza kahle futhi isebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Idizayini ye-VELFLEX ephindwe kabili engavamile ivumela i-valve ukuthi ilungiswe ku-inthanethi ngokushesha nangokulula. Ngenxa yendlu eseceleni, isihlalo nediski kungahlolwa noma kulungiswe ngqo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqaqa i-actuator noma amathuluzi akhethekile.

I-Tianjin Tanggu Water-Seal Valve Co., Ltdzisekela amavalvu ahlala phansi aqinile obuchwepheshe obuphambili, okuhlanganisa ahlala phansi aqinileivalvu yebhabhathane eliyi-wafer, I-Lug butterfly valve, Ivalvu yebhabhathane eliyindilinga eliphindwe kabili, Ivalvu yebhabhathane engavamile ene-flange ephindwe kabili,Isihluzo se-Y, ivalvu yokulinganisela,I-valve yokuhlola ipuleti eliphindwe kabili le-Wafer, njll.