I-Liquid hydrogen inezinzuzo ezithile ekugcinweni nasekuhambeni. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hydrogen, i-liquid hydrogen (LH2) inokuminyana okuphezulu futhi idinga ingcindezi ephansi yokugcina. Nokho, i-hydrogen kufanele ibe -253°C ukuze ibe uketshezi, okusho ukuthi inzima impela. Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu kanye nezingozi zokuvutha kwenza i-hydrogen enguketshezi ibe yindawo eyingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kuyizidingo ezingaguquki lapho uklama ama-valve ezicelo ezifanele.
Ibhalwe nguFadila Khelfaoui, Frédéric Blanquet
I-Velan valve (i-Velan)
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-liquid hydrogen (LH2).
Njengamanje, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi iyasetshenziswa futhi izama ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezikhethekile ezihlukahlukene. Emkhathini, ingasetshenziswa njengophethiloli wokwethulwa kwerokhethi futhi ingaphinda ikhiqize amagagasi okwethuka emhubheni womoya we-transonic. Isekelwa “isayensi enkulu,” i-hydrogen eyi-liquid isiphenduke into esemqoka ezinhlelweni ze-superconducting, ama-accelerator ezinhlayiyana, namadivayisi e-nuclear fusion. Njengoba isifiso sabantu sentuthuko esimeme sikhula, i-hydrogen enguketshezi iye yasetshenziswa njengamaloli amaningi nemikhumbi eminyakeni yamuva nje. Kulezi zimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezingenhla, ukubaluleka kwama-valve kusobala kakhulu. Ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwama-valve kuyingxenye ebalulekile ye-liquid hydrogen supply chain ecosystem (ukukhiqiza, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa nokusabalalisa). Ukusebenza okuhlobene ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi kuyinselele. Ngeminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yokuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo nobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wama-valve asebenza kakhulu kuze kufike ku--272°C, uVelan usenesikhathi eside ebambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene, futhi kusobala ukuthi usezinqobile izinselelo zobuchwepheshe. isevisi ye-hydrogen ewuketshezi ngamandla ayo.
Izinselelo esigabeni sokuklama
Ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa kanye nokugcwala kwe-hydrogen yizo zonke izici eziyinhloko ezihlolwayo ekuhloleni ubungozi bomklamo wamavalvu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-valve, ukuklama nokukhethwa kwempahla kudlala indima ebalulekile. Amavavu asetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi abhekana nezinselele ezengeziwe, okuhlanganisa imiphumela emibi ye-hydrogen ezinsimbi. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zamavalvu akumele zimelane nokuhlasela kwama-molecule e-hydrogen (ezinye zezindlela zokuwohloka okuhlobene zisaphikiswana ngazo ezifundweni), kodwa kufanele futhi zigcine ukusebenza okuvamile isikhathi eside phakathi nomjikelezo wokuphila kwazo. Ngokwezinga lamanje lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, imboni inolwazi olulinganiselwe lokusebenziseka kwezinto ezingezona ezensimbi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hydrogen. Lapho ukhetha into yokuvala uphawu, kubalulekile ukucabangela lesi sici. Ukubekwa uphawu okusebenzayo kuphinde kube umbandela obalulekile wokusebenza kwedizayini. Kunomehluko wokushisa ocishe ube ngu-300°C phakathi kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi nezinga lokushisa elizungezile (izinga lokushisa legumbi), okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lokushisa. Ingxenye ngayinye ye-valve izobhekana namazinga ahlukene okwanda nokuncipha kwe-thermal. Lokhu kuhluka kungaholela ekuvuzeni okuyingozi kwezindawo zokuvala ezibucayi. Ukuqina kokuvala kwesiqu se-valve nakho kuwukugxila komklamo. Ukushintsha ukusuka emakhazeni kuye kokushisa kudala ukugeleza kokushisa. Izingxenye ezishisayo zendawo yebhonethi zingase zibe yiqhwa, ezingaphazamisa ukusebenza kokuvala isiqu futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kwamavalvu. Ukwengeza, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu elingu-253°C lisho ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokufaka obungcono kakhulu buyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ivalvu ingakwazi ukugcina i-hydrogen ewuketshezi kuleli zinga lokushisa kuyilapho inciphisa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukubilisa. Uma nje kunokushisa okudluliselwa ku-hydrogen ewuketshezi, izohwamuka futhi ivuze. Akukhona lokho kuphela, ukufiphala kwe-oxygen kwenzeka lapho kunqamuka khona ukufakwa kwe-insulation. Lapho umoya-mpilo uhlangana ne-hydrogen noma ezinye izinto ezivuthayo, ingozi yomlilo iyanda. Ngakho-ke, uma kucatshangelwa ingozi yomlilo amavalvu angase abhekane nayo, amavalvu kufanele aklanywe kucatshangelwa izinto ezingaqhumi, kanye nama-actuator angashi, izinsimbi namakhebuli, konke okunezitifiketi eziqine kakhulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve isebenza kahle uma kwenzeka umlilo. Ukwenyuka kwengcindezi nakho kuyingozi engaba khona engenza ama-valve angasebenzi. Uma i-hydrogen ewuketshezi ivaleleke emgodini womzimba we-valve futhi ukudluliswa kokushisa kanye nokuhwamuka kwe-hydrogen okuwuketshezi kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzodala ukwanda kwengcindezi. Uma kukhona umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi, i-cavitation (cavitation) / umsindo uyenzeka. Lezi zenzakalo zingaholela ekupheleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwempilo yesevisi ye-valve, futhi ngisho nokulahlekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwenqubo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo zokusebenza ezithile, uma izici ezingenhla zingacatshangelwa ngokugcwele futhi izinyathelo ezihambisanayo zingathathwa ohlelweni lokuklama, zingaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwe-valve. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinselelo zokuklama ezihlobene nezindaba zemvelo, njengokuvuza okubalekelayo. I-Hydrogen ihlukile: ama-molecule amancane, angenambala, awanaphunga futhi aqhuma. Lezi zici zinquma isidingo esiphelele sokuvuza okunguziro.
Esiteshini saseNorth Las Vegas West Coast Hydrogen Liquefaction station,
Onjiniyela be-Wieland Valve bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe
Izixazululo zevalvu
Kungakhathaleki umsebenzi othile kanye nohlobo oluthile, amavalvu azo zonke izinhlelo ze-hydrogen eziwuketshezi kufanele ahlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile ezivamile. Lezi zidingo zihlanganisa: impahla yengxenye yesakhiwo kumele iqinisekise ukuthi ubuqotho besakhiwo bugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu; Zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nezakhiwo zemvelo zokuphepha komlilo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, izakhi zokuvala kanye nokupakishwa kwamavalvu e-hydrogen ewuketshezi kumele nakho kuhlangabezane nezidingo eziyisisekelo ezishiwo ngenhla. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic iyinto efanelekile yamavalvu e-hydrogen ewuketshezi. Inamandla okuthonya amahle kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuncane, futhi ingamelana nama-gradients amakhulu. Kukhona nezinye izinto ezilungele izimo ze-hydrogen eziwuketshezi, kodwa zikhawulelwe ezimweni ezithile zenqubo. Ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha, eminye imininingwane yokuklama akufanele inganakwa, njengokwelula isiqu se-valve nokusebenzisa ikholomu yomoya ukuvikela ukupakishwa kokuvala emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunwetshwa kwesiqu se-valve kungahlonyiswa ngendandatho yokufaka ukuvikela ukugwema ukufiphala. Ukuklama ama-valve ngokuvumelana nezimo ezithile zohlelo kusiza ukunikeza izixazululo ezinengqondo ezinseleleni ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe. I-Vellan inikeza ama-valve ovemvane ngemiklamo emibili ehlukene: ama-valve esihlalo se-butterfly se-eccentric kabili ne-eccentric metal eccentric kathathu. Yomibili imiklamo inamandla okugeleza okukabili. Ngokuklama i-disc shape kanye ne-rotation trajectory, uphawu oluqinile lungafinyelelwa. Awukho umgodi emzimbeni we-valve lapho ingekho indlela esele. Endabeni ye-Velan double eccentric butterfly valve, yamukela idizayini yokuzungezisa i-disc eccentric, ehlanganiswe nohlelo lokuvala uphawu lwe-VELFLEX oluhlukile, ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvala ama-valve. Lo mklamo onelungelo lobunikazi ungamelana nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa ku-valve. I-TORQSEAL i-triple eccentric disc nayo inomzila ojikelezayo oklanywe ngokukhethekile osiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokuvala i-disc ithinta kuphela isihlalo ngesikhathi sokufinyelela indawo ye-valve evaliwe futhi ayiklwebhi. Ngakho-ke, i-torque yokuvala ye-valve ingakwazi ukushayela i-disc ukuze ifinyelele ukuhlala okuhambisanayo, futhi ikhiqize umphumela owanele we-wedge endaweni ye-valve evaliwe, kuyilapho yenza i-disc ixhumane ngokulinganayo nayo yonke i-circumference yendawo yokuvala isihlalo. Ukuthobela isihlalo se-valve kuvumela umzimba we-valve kanye ne-disc ukuthi ibe nomsebenzi "wokuzilungisa", ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukuthunjwa kwe-disc ngesikhathi sokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. I-valve yensimbi engagqwali eqinisiwe iyakwazi umjikelezo ophezulu wokusebenza futhi isebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. I-VELFLEX i-double eccentric design ivumela i-valve ukuthi isetshenziswe ku-inthanethi ngokushesha futhi kalula. Ngenxa yezindlu eziseceleni, isihlalo kanye nediski kungahlolwa noma kusetshenzwe ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqaqa i-actuator noma amathuluzi akhethekile.
I-Tianjin Tanggu Water-Seal Valve Co., Ltdasekela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuhlala amavalvu aqinile, okuhlanganisa ahlezi aqinilei-wafer butterfly valve, Lug butterfly valve, I-valve yevemvane ene-flange ephindwe kabili, I-valve yevemvane ene-flange ephindwe kabili,I-Y-strainer, i-valve yokulinganisa,I-valve yokuhlola ipuleti eyisicwecwana esiyibili, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-11-2023
