Ivalvu igcina futhi iqedela izidingo zokusebenza ezinikeziwe ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esithile sokusebenza, futhi ukusebenza kokugcina inani lepharamitha elinikeziwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obucacisiwe kubizwa ngokuthi i-fail-free. Uma ukusebenza kwevalvu konakele, kuzoba khona ukungasebenzi kahle.
1. Ukuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwala
Lesi yisici esiyinhloko sokugijima, ukugijima, ukuconsa, nokuvuza, futhi kuvame ukubonakala emafektri.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi lokugxusha yilezi ezilandelayo:
①Izinto ezibonakalayo azihambisani nokugqwala, izinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi yendawo yokusebenza;
②Indlela yokugcwalisa ayilungile, ikakhulukazi uma ukupakisha konke kubekwe endaweni ejikelezayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele ukuvuza;
③Ukunemba komshini noma ukuphela kobuso besiqu se-valve akwanele, noma kukhona ukugoba, noma kukhona ama-nick;
④Isiqu sevalvu sigcwele imigodi, noma sigqwalile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesivikelo emoyeni ovulekile;
⑤Isiqu sevalvu sigobile;
⑥Ukupakisha sekusetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi sekugugile;
⑦Lo msebenzi unobudlova kakhulu.
Indlela yokuqeda ukuvuza kokupakisha yile:
① Ukukhetha okulungile kwama-filler;
②Gcwalisa ngendlela efanele;
③ Uma isiqu sevalvu singafaneleki, kufanele silungiswe noma sishintshwe, futhi ukuqeda kobuso kufanele okungenani kube ngu-▽5, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele kufinyelele ku-▽8 noma ngaphezulu, futhi azikho ezinye iziphambeko;
④ Thatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ukuze uvimbele ukugqwala, futhi lezo ezigqwalile kufanele zishintshwe;
⑤Ukugoba kwesiqu sevalvu kufanele kuqondiswe noma kubuyekezwe;
⑥Ngemva kokuba ukupakisha sekusetshenziswe isikhathi esithile, kufanele kushintshwe;
⑦Ukusebenza kufanele kuzinzile, kuvulwe kancane futhi kuvalwe kancane ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe noma umthelela ophakathi.
2. Ukuvuza kwezingxenye zokuvala
Ngokuvamile, ukuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle, kanti ingxenye yokuvala ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza kwezingxenye zokuvala, ngaphakathi kwevalvu, akulula ukukuthola.
Ukuvuza kwezingxenye zokuvala kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: esinye ukuvuza kwendawo yokuvala, kanti esinye ukuvuza kwempande yendandatho yokuvala.
Izimbangela zokuvuza yilezi:
①Umphezulu wokuvala awugayiwe kahle;
②Indandatho yokuvala ayifaniswanga kahle nesihlalo sevalvu kanye nediski yevalvu;
③Ukuxhumana phakathi kwediski yevalvu nesiqu sevalvu akuqinile;
④Isiqu sevalvu sigobile futhi sisontekile, ukuze izingxenye zokuvala ezingaphezulu nezingezansi zingabi phakathi nendawo;
⑤ Uma uvala ngokushesha kakhulu, indawo yokuvala ayixhumene kahle noma sekuyisikhathi eside yonakele;
⑥ ukukhethwa kwezinto okungafanele, akukwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-medium;
⑦Sebenzisa i-globe valve kanye ne-gate valve njenge-valve elawulayo. Indawo yokuvala ayikwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka kwe-medium egeleza ngesivinini esikhulu;
⑧Eminye imithombo izophola kancane kancane ngemva kokuba ivalvu ivaliwe, ukuze indawo yokuvala ibonakale imifantu, futhi kuzovela nokuguguleka;
⑨Uxhumano olunentambo lusetshenziswa phakathi kwezinye izindawo zokuvala kanye nesihlalo se-valve kanye nediski ye-valve, okulula ukukhiqiza ibhethri lomehluko wokuhlushwa kwe-oxygen futhi liguge;
⑩Ivalvu ayikwazi ukuvalwa ngokuqinile ngenxa yokunamathela kokungcola okufana ne-welding slag, ukugqwala, uthuli, noma izingxenye zemishini ohlelweni lokukhiqiza eziwayo futhi zivale umongo wevalvu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela yilezi:
①Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela ingcindezi nokuvuza, bese uthola ukuvuza kwendawo yokuvala noma impande yendandatho yokuvala, bese uyisebenzisa ngemva kokwelashwa;
②Kuyadingeka ukuhlola kusenesikhathi ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zevalvu zisesimweni esihle yini. Ungasebenzisi ivalvu lapho isiqu sevalvu sigobile noma sisontekile noma lapho idiski yevalvu kanye nesiqu sevalvu kungaxhunywanga ngokuphephile;
③Ivalvu kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile, hhayi ngobudlova. Uma uthola ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala akukuhle noma kukhona ukuvinjelwa, kufanele uyivule ngokushesha isikhashana ukuze udoti uphume, bese uyivala ngokucophelela;
④Uma ukhetha ivalvu, akufanele kucatshangelwe kuphela ukumelana nokugqwala komzimba wevalvu, kodwa futhi nokumelana nokugqwala kwezingxenye zokuvala;
⑤ Ngokuhambisana nezici zesakhiwo sevalvu kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele, izingxenye ezidinga ukulungisa ukugeleza kufanele zisebenzise ivalvu elawulayo;
⑥Uma indawo ephakathi ipholile futhi umehluko wokushisa umkhulu ngemva kokuvala ivalvu, ivalvu kufanele ivalwe kahle ngemva kokupholisa;
⑦Uma isihlalo se-valve, idiski ye-valve kanye nendandatho yokuvala kuxhunywe ngentambo, itheyiphu ye-PTFE ingasetshenziswa njengokupakisha phakathi kwezintambo, ukuze kungabikho sikhala;
⑧Kufanele kufakwe isihlungi phambi kwevalvu yevalvu engase iwele ekungcoleni.
3. Ukwehluleka kokuphakamisa isiqu se-valve
Izizathu zokwehluleka kokuphakamisa isiqu se-valve yilezi:
①Intambo yonakele ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile;
② ukuntuleka kokuthambisa noma ukwehluleka kokugcoba;
③Isiqu sevalvu sigobile futhi sisontiwe;
④Ukuphela kobuso akwanele;
⑤ Ukubekezelela ukulingana akunembile, futhi ukuluma kuqinile kakhulu;
⑥I-valve stem nut ithambekele;
⑦ Ukukhetha izinto ezingafanele, isibonelo, isiqu se-valve kanye ne-nut yesiqu se-valve kwenziwa ngezinto ezifanayo, okulula ukuziluma;
⑧Intambo igqwala yi-medium (kubhekiswa ku-valve ene-valve yesiqu esimnyama noma i-valve ene-nut yesiqu phansi);
⑨Ivalvu evulekile ayinaso isivikelo, futhi intambo yesiqu sevalvu imbozwe uthuli nesihlabathi, noma igqwale yimvula, amazolo, isithwathwa neqhwa.
Izindlela zokuvimbela:
① Ukusebenza ngokucophelela, ungaphoqeleli lapho uvala, ungafinyeleli enkabeni ephezulu lapho uvula, phendula isondo lesandla ujike kanye noma kabili ngemva kokuvula ngokwanele ukwenza uhlangothi olungaphezulu lwentambo luvale, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi i-medium ingasunduzi isiqu se-valve phezulu ukuze sishayeke;
②Hlola isimo sokugcoba njalo futhi ugcine isimo sokugcoba esijwayelekile;
③Ungayivuli futhi ungayivali ivalvu nge-lever ende. Izisebenzi ezijwayele ukusebenzisa i-lever emfushane kufanele zilawule ngokuqinile inani lamandla ukuze zivimbele ukusonta isiqu sevalvu (kubhekiswa ku-valvu exhunywe ngqo nesondo lesandla kanye nesiqu sevalvu);
④Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula noma yokulungisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemininingwane;
⑤Izinto zokwakha kufanele zimelane nokugqwala futhi zivumelane nokushisa kokusebenza kanye nezinye izimo zokusebenza;
⑥I-nut yesiqu se-valve akufanele yenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo nesiqu se-valve;
⑦ Uma usebenzisa ipulasitiki njenge-valve stem nut, amandla kufanele ahlolwe, hhayi nje kuphela ukumelana okuhle kokugqwala kanye ne-friction coefficient encane, kodwa futhi nenkinga yamandla, uma amandla enganele, ungayisebenzisi;
⑧Isembozo sokuvikela isiqu se-valve kufanele sengezwe ku-valve yomoya ovulekile;
⑨Uma uvula ivalvu njalo, phendula isondo lesandla njalo ukuze uvimbele isiqu sevalvu ukuthi singagqwali.
4. Okunye
Ukuvuza kwe-gasket:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ayimelani nokugqwala futhi ayivumelani nokushisa nokusebenza kanye nengcindezi; kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwevalvu yokushisa okuphezulu.
Sebenzisa ama-gasket afanele izimo zokusebenza. Hlola ukuthi impahla ye-gasket iyafaneleka yini kuma-valve amasha. Uma ingafaneleki, kufanele ishintshwe. Kuma-valve okushisa okuphezulu, qinisa ama-bolt futhi ngesikhathi sokuwasebenzisa.
Umzimba we-valve oqhekekile:
Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukubanda. Uma isimo sezulu sibanda, ivalvu kumele ibe nokushisa kanye nezindlela zokulandelela ukushisa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amanzi kuvalvu kanye nepayipi elixhumanisayo kufanele kukhishwe amanzi ngemva kokumiswa kokukhiqiza (uma kukhona iplagi phansi kwevalvu, iplagi ingavulwa ukuze ikhiphe amanzi).
Isondo lesandla elonakele:
Kubangelwa ukushayisana noma ukusebenza okunamandla kwe-long lever. Kungagwenywa uma nje umqhubi nabanye abasebenzi abathintekayo benaka.
Indlala yokupakisha iphukile:
Amandla angalingani lapho ucindezela ukupakisha, noma i-gland enesici (ngokuvamile insimbi ephonswe). Cindezela ukupakisha, ujikeleze isikulufu ngokulinganayo, futhi ungagobi. Lapho ukhiqiza, akufanele nje unake izingxenye ezinkulu nezibalulekile, kodwa futhi unake izingxenye zesibili ezifana nama-gland, kungenjalo kuzothinta ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwesiqu se-valve ne-valve plate kuyahluleka:
I-valve yesango isebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana phakathi kwekhanda elingunxande lesiqu se-valve kanye nomsele omise okwe-T wesango, kanti umsele omise okwe-T ngezinye izikhathi awucutshungulwa, ngakho ikhanda elingunxande lesiqu se-valve liyaguga ngokushesha. Ngokuyinhloko kusukela esicini sokukhiqiza ukuze kuxazululwe. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzisi angenza nomsele omise okwe-T ukuze awenze ube bushelelezi obuthile.
Isango levalvu yesango eliphindwe kabili alikwazi ukucindezela isembozo ngokuqinile:
Ukuqina kwesango eliphindwe kabili kudalwa yi-wedge ephezulu. Kwamanye ama-valve esango, i-wedge ephezulu yenziwe ngezinto ezimbi (insimbi ephonswe ngensimbi ephansi), futhi izoguga noma iphuke ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa. I-wedge ephezulu iyingcezu encane, futhi izinto ezisetshenzisiwe aziningi. Umsebenzisi angayenza ngensimbi yekhabhoni bese eshintsha insimbi ephonswe yokuqala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-18-2022
