I-Gate Valve: I-gate valve iyi-valve esebenzisa i-gate (ipuleti lesango) ukuze ihambe ngokuqondile eceleni kwe-axis yendlela. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi ukuze kuhlukaniswe indawo ephakathi nendawo, okungukuthi, ivuleke ngokuphelele noma ivalwe ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, ama-gate valve awafanele ukulawulwa kokugeleza. Angasetshenziswa kokubili ekushiseni okuphansi kanye nasekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwengcindezi, kuye ngokuthi i-valve isetshenziswa kanjani.
Kodwa-ke, ama-valve esango ngokuvamile awasetshenziswa kumapayipi athutha udaka noma izinto ezifanayo.
Izinzuzo:
Ukumelana noketshezi okuphansi.
Kudinga i-torque encane yokuvula nokuvala.
Ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokugeleza eziqondisweni ezimbili, okuvumela ukuthi i-medium igeleze kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
Uma ivuliwe ngokuphelele, indawo yokuvala ayigugi kakhulu endaweni yokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nama-valve e-globe.
Isakhiwo esilula esinenqubo enhle yokukhiqiza.
Ubude besakhiwo esiqinile.
Okubi:
Kudingeka ubukhulu obukhulu kanye nendawo yokufaka.
Ukungqubuzana okukhulu kanye nokuguguleka phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala ngesikhathi sokuvulwa nokuvalwa, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ama-valve esango ngokuvamile anezindawo ezimbili zokuvala, okungandisa ubunzima ekucutshungulweni, ekugayweni nasekugcinweni.
Isikhathi eside sokuvula nokuvala.
I-Butterfly Valve: I-valve ye-butterfly iyi-valve esebenzisa isici sokuvala esimise okwediski ukuze ijikeleze cishe ama-degree angu-90 ukuvula, ukuvala, nokulawula ukugeleza koketshezi.
Izinzuzo:
Isakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane, ulula, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphansi, okwenza ifaneleke kuma-valve amakhulu.
Ukuvula nokuvala okusheshayo okunokumelana nokugeleza okuphansi.
Ingaphatha imidiya enezinhlayiya eziqinile ezilengayo futhi ingasetshenziswa kwimidiya eyimpuphu neyi-granular kuye ngamandla okuvala.
Ifanelekela ukuvulwa, ukuvalwa, kanye nokulawulwa kwezindawo ezimbili zokungenisa umoya kanye namapayipi okususa uthuli. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ze-metallurgy, embonini yokukhanya, kagesi, kanye ne-petrochemical zamapayipi egesi kanye nemizila yamanzi.
Okubi:
Ububanzi bokulawula ukugeleza okulinganiselwe; uma ivalvu ivuliwe ngo-30%, izinga lokugeleza lizodlula u-95%.
Akufaneleki ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ashisa kakhulu futhi anomfutho ophezulu ngenxa yemikhawulo yesakhiwo nezinto zokuvala. Ngokuvamile, isebenza emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-300°C kanye ne-PN40 noma ngaphansi.
Ukusebenza kokuvala okuphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-ball valve nama-globe valve, ngakho-ke akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa okunezidingo eziphezulu zokuvala.
I-Ball Valve: I-ball valve itholakala ku-plug valve, futhi isici sayo sokuvala siyindilinga ejikeleza ama-degree angu-90 ezungeze i-axis ye-ivalvuisiqu ukuze kuvuleke futhi kuvalwe. I-valve yebhola isetshenziswa kakhulu emapayipini ukuze kuvalwe, kusatshalaliswe, futhi kushintshwe indlela yokugeleza. Ama-valve ebhola anezimbobo ezimise okwe-V nawo anekhono elihle lokulawula ukugeleza.
Izinzuzo:
Ukumelana nokugeleza okuncane (cishe kube yi-zero).
Ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile ezindaweni ezibolile kanye noketshezi oluphansi lokubilisa njengoba lunganamatheli ngesikhathi sokusebenza (ngaphandle kokuthambisa).
Ifinyelela ukuvala okuphelele ngaphakathi kobubanzi obukhulu bengcindezi kanye nokushisa.
Ukuvula nokuvala okusheshayo, ngezakhiwo ezithile ezinezikhathi zokuvula/ukuvala ezimfushane njengemizuzwana engu-0.05 kuya ku-0.1, ezifanele izinhlelo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela emabhentshini okuhlola ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ukuma okuzenzakalelayo ezindaweni zomngcele ngesici sokuvala ibhola.
Ukuvalwa okuthembekile kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zendlela yokusebenza.
Akukho ukuguguleka kwezindawo zokuvala ezivela ezindizeni ezisheshayo uma zivuliwe noma zivaliwe ngokuphelele.
Isakhiwo esincane nesilula, okwenza kube isakhiwo sevalvu esifaneleka kakhulu sezinhlelo zemidiya ezinokushisa okuphansi.
Umzimba we-valve olinganayo, ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni zomzimba we-valve ezihlanganisiwe, ungamelana nokucindezeleka okuvela kumapayipi.
Isici sokuvala singamelana nokwehluka kokucindezela okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokuvala. Amavalvu ebhola ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele angagqitshwa ngaphansi komhlaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zangaphakathi aziguguleki, kanye nokuphila kwesikhathi esiphezulu senkonzo seminyaka engama-30, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu kumapayipi kawoyela negesi.
Okubi:
Indandatho yokuvala eyinhloko ye-valve yebhola yi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), engangeni cishe kuwo wonke amakhemikhali futhi inezici eziphelele ezifana ne-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukumelana nokuguga, ukufaneleka kwezinga lokushisa elibanzi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuvala.
Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo zomzimba ze-PTFE, okuhlanganisa i-coefficient yayo yokukhulisa ephezulu, ukuzwela ekugelezeni okubandayo, kanye nokuqhuba kahle kokushisa, kudinga ukuthi ukwakheka kwezivalo zesihlalo kusekelwe kulezi zici. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinto zokuvala ziba nzima, ukuthembeka kwesivalo kuyaphazamiseka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PTFE inesilinganiso sokumelana nokushisa okuphansi futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngaphansi kuka-180°C. Ngale kwaleli zinga lokushisa, izinto zokuvala zizoguga. Uma ubheka ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, ngokuvamile azisetshenziswa ngaphezu kuka-120°C.
Ukusebenza kwayo okulawulayo kuphansi kakhulu kunokwe-globe valve, ikakhulukazi ama-pneumatic valve (noma ama-electric valve).
I-Globe Valve: Ibhekisela ku-valve lapho isici sokuvala (i-valve disc) sihamba khona emgqeni ophakathi wesihlalo. Ukwehluka kwe-orifice yesihlalo kuhambelana ngqo nokuhamba kwe-valve disc. Ngenxa yokuhamba okufushane kokuvula nokuvala kwalolu hlobo lwe-valve kanye nomsebenzi walo wokuvala onokwethenjelwa, kanye nobudlelwano obulinganayo phakathi kokwehluka kwe-orifice yesihlalo kanye nokuhamba kwe-valve disc, ifaneleka kakhulu ekulawuleni ukugeleza. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-valve luvame ukusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuvala, zokulawula, kanye nezokugoqa.
Izinzuzo:
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvula nokuvala, amandla okungqubuzana phakathi kwediski yevalvu kanye nobuso bokuvala bomzimba wevalvu mancane kunelevalvu yesango, okwenza ingagugi kalula.
Ukuphakama kokuvula ngokuvamile kuyi-1/4 yesiteshi sesihlalo, okwenza kube kuncane kakhulu kunevalvu yesango.
Ngokuvamile, kukhona indawo eyodwa kuphela yokuvala emzimbeni wevalvu kanye nediski yevalvu, okwenza kube lula ukukhiqiza nokulungisa.
Inesilinganiso sokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ngoba ukupakisha kuvame ukuba yingxube ye-asbestos ne-graphite. Ama-valve e-Globe avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-valve anomusi.
Okubi:
Ngenxa yokushintsha kwendlela yokugeleza kwe-medium edlula ku-valve, ukumelana okuncane kokugeleza kwe-valve yomhlaba kuphakeme kunokwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zama-valve.
Ngenxa yokushaya isikhathi eside, isivinini sokuvula sihamba kancane uma siqhathaniswa nevalvu yebhola.
I-Plug Valve: Ibhekisela ku-valve ejikelezayo enesici sokuvala ngesimo se-cylinder noma i-cone plug. I-valve plug ku-valve ye-plug ijikeleziswa ngama-degree angu-90 ukuxhuma noma ukuhlukanisa indlela emzimbeni we-valve, okwenza kube lula ukuvulwa noma ukuvalwa kwe-valve. Ukuma kwe-valve plug kungaba yi-cylindrical noma i-conical. Isimiso sayo sifana ne-ball valve, eyakhiwa ngokusekelwe ku-plug valve futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-oilfield kanye nasezimbonini ze-petrochemical.
Ivalvu Yokuphepha: Isebenza njengedivayisi yokuvikela ukucindezeleka ngokweqile emikhunjini, imishini, noma amapayipi acindezelwe. Lapho ukucindezela ngaphakathi kwemishini, umkhumbi, noma ipayipi kudlula inani elivunyelwe, ivalvu ivuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ikhulule umthamo ogcwele, ivimbele ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokucindezela. Lapho ukucindezela kwehla kuya enanini elicacisiwe, ivalvu kufanele ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushesha ukuze ivikele ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini, umkhumbi, noma ipayipi.
Isicupho Somusi: Ekuthuthweni komusi, umoya ocindezelwe, kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, kwakheka amanzi abandayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza okuphephile kwedivayisi, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngesikhathi lezi zinto ezingasebenzi futhi eziyingozi ukuze kulondolozwe ukusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwedivayisi. Inemisebenzi elandelayo: (1) Ingakhipha ngokushesha amanzi abandayo akhiqizwayo. (2) Ivimbela ukuvuza komusi. (3) Isusa.
I-Valve Yokunciphisa Ukucindezela: Iyi-valve enciphisa ukucindezela kokungena kube yingcindezi yokukhipha oyifunayo ngokulungiswa futhi ithembele emandleni e-medium ngokwayo ukuze igcine ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucindezela kokukhipha okuzinzile.
Hlola i-Valve: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-valve engabuyi, i-backflow preventer, i-back pressure valve, noma i-one-way valve. Lawa ma-valve avulwa futhi avalwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngamandla akhiqizwa ukugeleza kwe-medium epayipini, okwenza abe uhlobo lwe-valve ezenzakalelayo. Ama-valve okuhlola asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi futhi imisebenzi yawo eyinhloko ukuvimbela ukugeleza okuphakathi, ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwamaphampu nama-driver motors, nokukhulula imidiya yesitsha. Ama-valve okuhlola angasetshenziswa futhi kumapayipi ahlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezisizayo lapho ingcindezi ingakhuphuka ngaphezu kwengcindezi yesistimu. Angahlukaniswa kakhulu ngohlobo olujikelezayo (olujikelezayo ngokusekelwe enkabeni yamandla adonsela phansi) kanye nohlobo lokuphakamisa (oluhamba eceleni kwe-axis).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-03-2023
